Pesticidally active thiophene derivatives

ABSTRACT

Compounds of formula (I) 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
      as defined herein, to processes for preparing them, to pesticidal, in particular insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscicidal and nematicidal compositions comprising them and to methods of using them to combat and control pests such as insect, acarine, mollusc and nematode pests.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. Pat. Application Ser. No. 16/632,180, filed Jan. 17, 2020, which is a 371 National Stage Application of International Application No. PCT/EP2018/071699, filed Aug. 9, 2018, which claims priority to EP 17186055.4, filed Aug. 11, 2017, the entire contents of which are each incorporated by reference herein.

The present invention relates to pyrazole derivatives, to processes for preparing them, to intermediates for preparing them, to pesticidal, in particular insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscicidal and nematicidal compositions comprising those derivatives and to methods of using them to combat and control pests such as insect, acarine, mollusc and nematode pests.

It has now surprisingly been found that certain pyrazole derivatives have highly potent insecticidal properties. Other compounds in this area are known from WO2014/122083, WO2012/107434, WO2015/067646, WO2015/067647, WO2015/067648, WO2015/150442, WO2015/193218 and WO2010/051926.

Thus, as embodiment 1, the present invention provides a compound of formula (I),

wherein

-   Y¹ and Y³ are independently selected from H, halogen, cyano,     C₁₋C₆-alkyl, C₁₋C₆-haloalkyl, C₁₋C₆-alkoxy, C₁₋C₆-haloalkoxy,     C₁₋C₆-alkoxy- C₁₋C₆-alkyl, C₁₋C₆-alkylsulfanyl,     C₁₋C₆-haloalkylsulfanyl, C₁₋C₆-alkylsulfinyl,     C₁₋C₆-haloalkylsulfinyl, C₁₋C₆-alkylsulfonyl and     C₁₋C₆-haloalkylsulfonyl; -   Y⁵ is -i-CF(CF₃)(CF₃) or-1-CF₃-cyclopropyl; -   A is CH or N; -   R¹ is selected from H, C₁₋C₆-alkyl, C₂₋C₆ alkenyl, C₂₋C₆ alkynyl,     C₃₋C₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋C₇ cycloalkyl- C₁₋C₃-alkyl, —C(═O)H,     C₁₋C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₃₋C₇₋cycloalkylcarbonyl, C₁₋C₆-alkoxycarbonyl,     aryl(C₀-C₃)-alkyl and heteroaryl(C₀-C₃)-alkyl, wherein each of     C₁₋C₆-alkyl, C₃₋C₆ alkenyl, C₃₋C₆ alkynyl, C₃₋C₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋C₇     cycloalkyl- C₁₋C₃-alkyl, C₁₋C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋C₆-alkoxycarbonyl,     aryl(C₀-C₃)-alkyl and heteroaryl(C₀-C₃)-alkyl is unsubstituted or     substituted with 1 to 5 substituents independently selected from     halogen, cyano, C₁₋C₆-alkoxy and C₁₋C₆-alkoxycarbonyl; -   R² is selected from halogen, cyano, C₁₋C₆-alkyl and C₁₋C₆-haloalkyl; -   Q is H or cyano; -   or an agrochemically acceptable salt or N-oxide thereof.

As embodiment 2, there is provided the compound according to embodiment 1 wherein R² is selected from halogen and cyano.

As embodiment 3, there is provided the compound according to embodiment 1 or 2 wherein R² is selected from chloro and cyano.

As embodiment 4, there is provided the compound according to any one of embodiment 1 to 3 wherein R² is cyano.

As embodiment 5, there is provided the compound according to any one of embodiment 1 to 4 wherein Q is cyano.

As embodiment 5.1, there is provided the compound according to any one of embodiment 1 to 4 wherein Q is H.

As embodiment 6, there is provided the compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5 wherein R¹ is selected from H, methyl, ethyl, —C(═O)H, —CH₂CH═CH₂, isobutyl, isopropyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, —C(═O)CH₃, —C(═O)CH₂CH₃, —C(═O)cyclopropyl, —C(═O)OCH₃, —C(═O)OCH₂CH₃, —C(═O)CH(CH₃)(CH₃), —CH₂C≡CH, —CH₂CN, —CH₂—O—CH₃, —CH₂—O—CH₂—CH₃ and —CH₂—cyclopropyl.

As embodiment 7, there is provided the compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 6 wherein R¹ is selected from H, isobutyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, —C(═O)CH₃, —C(═O)OCH₃, —C(═O)OCH₂CH₃, —C(═O)CH(CH₃)(CH₃), —CH₂—C—CH, —CH₂CN, —CH₂—O—CH₃ and —CH₂—cyclopropyl.

As embodiment 8, there is provided the compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 7 wherein Y¹ and Y³ are independently selected from H, chloro, bromo, —CF₃, —CHF₂, —OCF₃, —OCHF₂, methyl, ethyl, —SCH₃, —SOCH₃, —S(O)₂CH₃ and CN.

As embodiment 8.1, there is provided the compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 7 wherein Y¹ and Y³ are independently selected from chloro, bromo, —CF₃, —CHF₂, —OCF₃, —OCHF₂, methyl, ethyl, —SCH₃, —SOCH₃, —S(O)₂CH₃ and CN.

As embodiment 9, there is provided the compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 8 wherein Y¹ and Y³ are independently selected from chloro, bromo, —CF₃, —OCHF₂ and methyl.

As embodiment 10, there is provided the compound according to embodiment 1 of formula (I)

wherein

-   Y¹ and Y³ are independently selected from chloro, bromo, —CF₃,     —OCHF₂ and methyl; -   Y⁵ is-i-CF(CF₃)(CF₃) or-1-CF₃-cyclopropyl; -   A is CH; -   R¹ is selected from H, methyl, ethyl, isobutyl,     2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, —C(═O)CH₃, —C(═O)OCH₃, —C(═O)OCH₂CH₃,     —C(═O)CH(CH₃)(CH₃), —CH₂—C—CH, —CH₂CN, —CH₂—O—CH₃ and     —CH₂—cyclopropyl; -   R² is cyano; -   Q is H or cyano; -   or an agrochemically acceptable salt or N-oxide thereof.

As embodiment 11, there is provided the compound according to embodiment 1 of formula (I)

wherein

-   Y¹ and Y³ are independently selected from chloro, bromo, —CF₃,     —OCHF₂ and methyl; -   Y⁵ is -i-CF(CF₃)(CF₃) or-1-CF₃-cyclopropyl; -   A is N; -   R¹ is selected from H, methyl, ethyl, isobutyl,     2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, —C(═O)CH₃, —C(═O)OCH₃, —C(═O)OCH₂CH₃,     —C(═O)CH(CH₃)(CH₃), —CH₂—C—CH, —CH₂CN, —CH₂—O—CH₃ and     —CH₂—cyclopropyl; -   R² is cyano; -   Q is H or cyano; -   or an agrochemically acceptable salt or N-oxide thereof.

As embodiment 11.1, there is provided the compound according to embodiment 10 or 11 wherein Y⁵ is -i-CF(CF₃)(CF₃).

As embodiment 12: A compound or salt according to embodiment 1 selected from

Ex. No. Structure Name 1

2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide 2

2-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide 3

2-cyano-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide 4

2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide 5

2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dimethyl-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide 6

2-chloro-5-[1-[2-chloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)thiophene-3-carboxamide 7

5-[1-[2-bromo-6-chloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]-2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)thiophene-3-carboxamide 8

5-[1-[2-chloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1 -(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]-2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide 9

5-[1-[2-bromo-6-chloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]-2-ch lo ro- N-cyclo pro pyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide 10

2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dimethyl-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide 11

2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]-N-ethyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide 12

2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]-N-methyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide 13

2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide 14

2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]-N-ethyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide 15

2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]-N-methyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide 16

2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide 17

2-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide

Definitions

The term “alkyl” as used herein — in isolation or as part of a chemical group — represents straight-chain or branched hydrocarbons, preferably with 1 bis 6 carbon atoms, for example methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, 1- methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1,1 -dimethylpropyl, 2,2- dimethylpropyl, 1 -ethylpropyl, hexyl, 1 -methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4- methylpentyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,4-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,1- dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1- ethylbutyl and 2-ethylbutyl. Alkyl groups with 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred, for example methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl or t-butyl.

The term “alkenyl” — in isolation or as part of a chemical group — represents straight-chain or branched hydrocarbons, preferably with 2 bis 6 carbon atoms and at least one double bond, for example vinyl, 2-propenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1- methyl-2-propenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 1-methyl-2-butenyl, 2- methyl-2-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1-methyl-3-butenyl, 2-methyl-3-butenyl, 3-methyl-3-butenyl, 1,1 - dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1 -ethyl-2-propenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4- hexenyl, 5-hexenyl, 1 -methyl-2-pentenyl, 2-methyl-2-pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-pentenyl, 4-methyl-2- pentenyl, 3-methyl-3-pentenyl, 4-methyl-3-pentenyl, 1 -methyl-4-pentenyl, 2-methyl-4-pentenyl, 3- methyl-4-pentenyl, 4-methyl-4-pentenyl, 1, 1 -dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,2- dimethyl-2-butenyl, l,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2,3- dimethyl-2-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1 -ethyl-2-butenyl, 1-ethyl-3-butenyl, 2-ethyl-2-butenyl, 2-ethyl-3-butenyl, 1, 1,2-trimethyl-2-propenyl, 1 -ethyl- 1 -methyl-2-propenyl und 1-ethyl-2-methyl-2-propenyl. Alkenyl groups with 2 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred, for example 2-propenyl, 2-butenyl or 1-methyl-2-propenyl.

The term “alkynyl” — in isolation or as part of a chemical group — represents straight-chain or branched hydrocarbons, preferably with 2 bis 6 carbon atoms and at least one triple bond, for example 2-propynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-methyl-2- propynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 4-pentynyl, 1-methyl-3-butynyl, 2-methyl-3-butynyl, 1-methyl-2- butynyl, 1,1 -dimethyl-2-propynyl, 1 -ethyl-2-propynyl, 2-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 4-hexynyl, 5-hexynyl, 1- methyl-2-pentynyl, 1-methyl-3-pentynyl, 1 -methyl-4-pentynyl, 2-methyl-3-pentynyl, 2-methyl-4- pentynyl, 3 -methyl-4-pentynyl, 4-methyl-2-pentynyl, 1,1 -dimethyl-3 -butynyl, 1,2-dimethyl-3 -butynyl, 2,2- dimethyl-3-butynyl, 1-ethyl-3-butynyl, 2-ethyl-3-butynyl, 1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-propynyl and 2,5-hexadiynyl. Alkynyls with 2 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred, for example ethynyl, 2- propynyl or 2-butynyl-2-propenyl.

The term “cycloalkyl” — in isolation or as part of a chemical group — represents saturated or partially unsaturated mono-, bi- or tricyclic hydrocarbons, preferably 3 to 10 carbon atoms, for example cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl or adamantyl.

Cycloalkyls with 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 carbon atoms are preferred, for example cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl.

The term “heterocycloalkyl” — in isolation or as part of a chemical group — represents saturated or partially unsaturated mono-, bi- or tricyclic hydrocarbons, preferably 3 to 10 carbon atoms , for example cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl or adamantyl, wherein one or more of the ring atoms, preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 1, 2 or 3 of the ring atoms are independently selected from N, O, S, P, B, Si and Se, more preferably N, O and S, wherein no O atoms can be located next to each other.

The term “alkylcycloalkyl” represents mono-, bi- oder tricyclic alkylcycloalkyl, preferably with 4 to 10 or 4 to 7 carbon atoms, for example ethylcyclopropyl, isopropylcyclobutyl, 3-methylcyclopentyl und 4-methylcyclohexyl. Alkylcycloalkyls with 4, 5 or 7 carbon atoms are preferred, for example ethylcyclopropyl or 4-methyl-cyclohexyl.

The term “cycloalkylalkyl” represents mono, bi- or tricyclic cycloalkylalkyls, preferably 4 to 10 or 4 to 7 carbon atoms, for example cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclohexylmethyl and cyclopentylethyl. Cycloalkylalkyls with 4, 5 or 7 carbon atoms are preferred, for example cyclopropylmethyl or cyclobutylmethyl.

The term “halogen” or “halo” represents fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo, particularly fluoro, chloro or bromo. The chemical groups which are substituted with halogen, for example haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, haloalkyloxy, haloalkylsulfanyl, haloalkylsulfinyl or haloalkylsulfonyl are substituted one or up to the maximum number of substituents with halogen. If “alkyl”, “alkenyl” or “alkynyl” are substituted with halogen, the halogen atoms can be the same or different and can be bound at the same carbon atom or different carbon atoms.

The term “halocycloalkyl” represents mono-, bi- or tricyclic halocycloalkyl, preferably with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, for example 1 -fluoro-cyclopropyl, 2-fluoro- cyclopropyl or 1 -fluoro-cyclobutyl. Preferred halocycloalkyl with 3, 5 or 7 carbon atoms.

The term “haloalkyl”, “haloalkenyl” or “haloalkynyl” represents alkyls, alkenyls or alkynyls substituted with halogen, preferably with 1 to 9 halogen atoms that are the same or different, for example monohaloalkyls (= monohaloalkyl) like CH₂CH₂Cl, CH₂CH₂F, CHClCH₃, CHFCH₃, CH₂Cl, CH₂F; perhaloalkyls like CCl₃ or CF₃ or CF₂CF₃; polyhaloalkyls like CHF₂, CH₂F, CH₂CHFCl, CF₂CF₂H, CH₂CF₃. The same applies for haloalkenyl and other groups substituted by halogen.

Examples of haloalkoxy are for example OCF₃, OCHF₂, OCH₂F, OCF₂CF₃, OCH₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCHF₂, OCH₂F, OCF₂CF₃, OCH₂CF₃.

Further examples of haloalkyls are trichloromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluorethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethyl, pentafluorethyl and pentafluoro-t-butyl.

Haloalkyls having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and 1 to 9, preferably 1 to 5 of the same or different halogen atoms selected from fluoro, chloro or bromo, are preferred.

Haloalkyls having 1 or 2 carbon atoms and 1 to 5 gleichen of the same or different halogen atoms selected from fluoro or chloro, for example difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or 2,2-difluoroethyl, are particularly preferred.

The term “hydroxyalkyl” represents straight or branched chain alcohols, preferably with 1 to 6 carbon atoms , for example methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, s-butanol and t-butanol. Hydroxyalkyls having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred.

The term “alkoxy” represents straight or branched chain O-alkyl, preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms , for example methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, s-butoxy und t-butoxy. Alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred.

The term “haloalkoxy” represents straight or branched chain O-alkyl substituted with halogen, preferably with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, 2,2-difluoroethoxy, 1, 1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-Trifluoroethoxy and 2-Chloro-1, 1,2-trifluorethoxy.

Haloalkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred.

The term “alkylsulfanyl” represents straight or branched chain S-alkyl, preferably with 1 to 6 carbon atoms , for example methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, isopropylthio, n- butylthio, isobutylthio, s-butylthio and t-butylthio. Alkylsulfanyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred. Examples for haloalkylsulfanyl, i.e. with halogen substituted alkylsulfanyl, are for example difluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylthio, trichloromethylthio, chlorodifluoromethylthio, 1- fluoroethylthio, 2-fluoroethylthio, 2,2-difluoroethylthio, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethylthio, 2,2,2- trifluoroethylthio or 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethylthio.

The term “alkylsulfinyl” represents straight or branched chain alkylsulfinyl (-S(O)alkyl), preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example methylsulfinyl, ethylsulfinyl, n-propylsulfinyl, isopropylsulfinyl, n-butylsulfinyl, isobutylsulfinyl, s-butylsulfinyl und t-butylsulfinyl.

Alkylsulfinyls having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred.

Examples of haloalkylsulfinyls, i.e. with halogen substituted alkylsulfinyls, are difluoromethylsulfinyl, trifluoromethylsulfinyl, trichloromethylsulfinyl, chlorodifluoromethylsulfinyl, 1-fluoroethylsulfinyl, 2-fluoroethylsulfinyl, 2,2-difluoroethylsulfinyl, 1,1,2,2- tetrafluoroethylsulfinyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfinyl and 2-chloro-1, 1,2-trifluoroethylsulfinyl.

The term “alkylsulfonyl” represents straight or branched chain alkylsulfonyl (-S(O)₂alkyl), preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, n-propylsulfonyl, isopropylsulfonyl, n-butylsulfonyl, isobutylsulfonyl, s-butylsulfonyl and t-butylsulfonyl.

Alkylsulfonyls having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred.

Examples of haloalkylsulfonyls, i.e.with halogen substituted alkylsulfonyls, are for example difluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, trichloromethylsulfonyl, chlorodifluoromethylsulfonyl, 1 -fluoroethylsulfonyl, 2-fluoroethylsulfonyl, 2,2-difluoroethylsulfonyl, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethylsulfonyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfonyl and 2-chloro- 1,1,2-trifluorethylsulfonyl.

The term “alkylcarbonyl” represents straight or branched chain alkyl—C(═O), preferably having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, for example methylcarbonyl, ethylcarbonyl, n-propylcarbonyl, isopropylcarbonyl, s-butylcarbonyl and t-butylcarbonyl.

Alkylcarbonyls having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred.

The term “cycloalkylcarbonyl” represents cycloalkyl-carbonyl, preferably 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the cycloalkyl part, for example cyclopropylcarbonyl, cyclobutylcarbonyl, cyclopentylcarbonyl, cyclohexylcarbonyl, cycloheptyl- carbonyl, cyclooctylcarbonyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, bycyclo[2.2.2]octylcarbonyl and adamantylcarbonyl. Cycloalkylcarbonyls having 3, 5 or 7 carbon atoms in the cycloalkyl part are preferred.

The term “alkoxycarbonyl” — in isolation or as part of a chemical group — represents straight or branched chain alkoxycarbonyl, preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkoxy part, for example methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, n-propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, s-butoxycarbonyl and t- butoxycarbonyl.

The term “alkylaminocarbonyl” represents straight or branched chain alkylaminocarbonyl having preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms orr 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, for example methylaminocarbonyl, ethylaminocarbonyl, n-proylaminocarbonyl, isopropyl- aminocarbonyl, s-butylaminocarbonyl and t-butylaminocarbonyl.

The term “N,N-Dialkylamino-carbonyl” “represents straight or branched chain N,N-dialkylaminocarbonyl with preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms or 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, for example N,N-Dimethylamino-carbonyl, N,N-diethylamino-carbonyl, N,N-di(n- propylamino)-carbonyl, N,N-di-(isopropylamino)-carbonyl and N,N-di-(s-butylamino)-carbonyl.

The term “aryl” represents a mono-, bi- or polycyclical aromatic system with preferably 6 to 14, more preferably 6 to 10 ring-carbon atoms, for example phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthrenyl, preferably phenyl. “Aryl” also represents polycyclic systems, for example tetrahydronaphtyl, indenyl, indanyl, fluorenyl, biphenyl. Arylalkyls are examples of substituted aryls, which may be further substituted with the same or different substituents both at the aryl or alkyl part. Benzyl and 1 -phenylethyl are examples of such arylalkyls.

The term “heteroaryl” represents heteroaromatic groups, i.e. completely unsaturated aromatic heterocyclic groups, which fall under the above definition of heterocycles. “Heteroaryls” with 5 to 7-membered rings with 1 to 3, preferably 1 or 2 of the same or different heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S. Examples of “heteroaryls” are furyl, thienyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, 1,2,3-, 1,3,4-, 1,2,4- and 1,2,5-oxadiazolyl, azepinyl, pyrrolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, 1,3,5-, 1,2,4- and 1,2,3-triazinyl, 1,2,4-, 1,3,2-, 1,3,6- and 1,2,6-oxazinyl, oxepinyl, thiepinyl, 1,2,4-triazolonyl und 1,2,4-diazepinyl.

A compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 which has at least one basic centre can form, for example, acid addition salts, for example with strong inorganic acids such as mineral acids, for example perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitrose acid, a phosphorus acid or a hydrohalic acid, with strong organic carboxylic acids, such as C₁-C₄alkanecarboxylic acids which are unsubstituted or substituted, for example by halogen, for example acetic acid, such as saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, for example oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid or phthalic acid, such as hydroxycarboxylic acids, for example ascorbic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid or citric acid, or such as benzoic acid, or with organic sulfonic acids, such as C₁-C₄alkane- or arylsulfonic acids which are unsubstituted or substituted, for example by halogen, for example methane-or p-toluenesulfonic acid. A compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 which have at least one acidic group can form, for example, salts with bases, for example mineral salts such as alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, for example sodium, potassium or magnesium salts, or salts with ammonia or an organic amine, such as morpholine, piperidine, pyrrolidine, a mono-, di- or tri-lower-alkylamine, for example ethyl-, diethyl-, triethyl- or dimethylpropylamine, or a mono-, di- or trihydroxy-lower-alkylamine, for example mono-, di- or triethanolamine.

Compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 also include hydrates which may be formed during the salt formation.

As used herein, when one embodiment refers to several other embodiments by using the term “according to any one of”, for example “according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5”, then said embodiment refers not only to embodiments indicated by the integers such as 1 and 2 but also to embodiments indicated by numbers with a decimal component such as 1.1, 1.2 or 2.1, 2.2, 2.3. For example, “according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3” means for example according to any one of embodiments 1, 1.1, 2, 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7.

The compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 may be made by a variety of methods well known to a person skilled in the art or as shown in Schemes 1 to 5. Further instructions regarding the preparation can be found in WO2015/067646, WO2015/150442, WO2015/193218, WO2014/122083, WO2012/107434 and WO2011/113756.

The compounds according to any one of embodiments may be made by a variety of methods known to a person skilled in the art or as shown in Schemes 1 to 5.

For example, compounds of formula (I) can be prepared according to Scheme 1.

wherein Y¹, Y³, Y⁵, A, R¹, Q and R² are as defined in any one of embodiments 1 to 12.

1) Compounds of formula (I) may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (II) wherein P is OH, C₁-C₆alkoxy or Cl, F or Br, with an amine of formula (IV), as shown in Scheme 1. When P is OH such reactions are usually carried out in the presence of a suitable coupling reagent, such as N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (“DCC”), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (“EDC”) or bis(2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl)phosphonic chloride (“BOP-CI”), in the presence of a base, and optionally in the presence of a nucleophilic catalyst, such as hydroxybenzotriazole (“HOBT”). When P is Cl, such reactions are usually carried out in the presence of a base, and optionally in the presence of a nucleophilic catalyst. Alternatively, it is possible to conduct the reaction in a biphasic system comprising an organic solvent, preferably ethyl acetate, and an aqueous solvent, preferably a solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate. When P is C₁-C₆alkoxy it is sometimes possible to convert the ester directly to the amide by heating the ester and amine together in a thermal process. Suitable bases include pyridine, triethylamine, 4-(dimethylamino)-pyridine (“DMAP”) or diisopropylethylamine (Hunig’s base). Preferred solvents are N,N-dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, ethyl acetate and toluene. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of from 0° C. to 100° C., preferably from 15° C. to 30° C., in particular at ambient temperature.

2) Acid halides of formula (II), wherein P is Cl, F or Br, may be made from carboxylic acids of formula (II), wherein P is OH, under standard conditions, known from a person skilled in the art.

3) Carboxylic acids of formula (II), wherein P is OH, may be formed from esters of formula (II), wherein P is C₁-C₆alkoxy under standard conditions, known from a person skilled in the art.

4) Compounds of formula (I) may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (III) wherein X is a leaving group, for example a halogen, such as bromo, with carbon monoxide and an amine of formula (IV), in the presence of a catalyst, such as palladium(II) acetate or bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) dichloride, optionally in the presence of a ligand, such as triphenylphosphine, and a base, such as sodium carbonate, pyridine, triethylamine, 4-(dimethylamino)-pyridine (“DMAP”) or diisopropylethylamine (Hunig’s base), in a solvent, such as water, N,N-dimethylformamide or tetrahydrofuran. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of from 50° C. to 200° C., preferably from 100° C. to 150° C. The reaction is carried out at a pressure of from 50 to 200 bar, preferably from 100 to 150 bar.

6) Compounds of formula (II), wherein P is OH, may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (III) wherein X is a leaving group, for example a triflate or a halogen, such as bromo, with carbon monoxide or potassium formate, in the presence of a catalyst, such as palladium(II) acetate or bis-(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) dichloride, optionally in the presence of a ligand, such as triphenylphosphine, diphenylphosphinoferrocene (“dppf”) and a base, such as sodium carbonate, pyridine, triethylamine, 4-(dimethylamino)-pyridine (“DMAP”) or diisopropylethylamine (Hunig’s base), in a solvent, such as water, N,N-dimethylformamide, methyltetrahydrofuran or tetrahydrofuran. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of from 50° C. to 200° C., preferably from 100° C. to 150° C. The reaction is carried out at a pressure of CO from 50 to 200 bar, preferably from 100 to 150 bar.

7) Compounds of formula (II), wherein P is C₁-C₆alkoxy, may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (III) wherein X is a leaving group, for example a triflate or a halogen, such as bromo, with carbon monoxide and an alcohol, in the presence of a catalyst, such as palladium(II) acetate or bis-(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) dichloride, optionally in the presence of a ligand, such as triphenylphosphine, and a base, such as sodium carbonate, pyridine, triethylamine, 4-(dimethylamino)-pyridine (“DMAP”) or diisopropylethylamine (Hunig’s base), in a solvent, such as water, N,N-dimethylformamide, methyltetrahydrofuran or tetrahydrofuran. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of from 50° C. to 200° C., preferably from 100° C. to 150° C. The reaction is carried out at a pressure of carbon monoxide from 50 to 200 bar, preferably from 100 to 150 bar.

8) Alternatively, compounds of formula (II), wherein P is OH, may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (III) wherein X is a halogen, such as bromo, with magnesium or butyllithium, in order to prepare the intermediate Grignard reagent or respectively the organolithium reagent, followed by its reaction with carbon dioxide, in a solvent, such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, methyltetrahydrofuran or tetrahydrofuran. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of from -80° C. to 60° C., preferably from -20° C. to 40° C. The preparation of the intermediate Grignard reagent (halogen-metal reactions) can also be performed using isopropylmagnesium chloride, in the presence or absence of alkali salts, such as lithium chloride.

wherein Y¹, Y³, Y⁵, A and R² are as defined in any one of embodiments 1 to 12.

9) Compounds of formula (II), wherein P is OH or C₁-C₆alkoxy, may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (V) wherein U represents a boronic acid, boronic ester or trifluoroboronate or—SnBu₃ or —ZnCI with a compound of formula (VII), wherein X^(B) represents bromine, chlorine, iodine or triflate, using known processes from the literature using palladium-catalyzed reactions. For instance, the reactions can be carried out in the presence of a catalyst, such as palladium(II) acetate, palladium(0) tetrakis-triphenylphosphine or bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) dichloride, optionally in the presence of a ligand, such as triphenylphosphine, diphenylphosphinoferrocene (“dppf”) and a base, such as sodium carbonate, pyridine, triethylamine, 4-(dimethylamino)-pyridine (“DMAP”) or diisopropylethylamine (Hunig’s base), in a solvent, such as water, N,N-dimethylformamide, methyltetrahydrofuran or tetrahydrofuran. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of from 50° C. to 200° C., preferably from 100° C. to 150° C. The compounds of the general structure (VII) are either commercially available or may be prepared by processes known from to the person skilled in the art.

10) Compounds of formula (III) wherein X is a leaving group, for example a triflate or a halogen, such as bromo, may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (V) wherein U representes a boronic acid, boronic ester or trifluoroboronate or —SnBu₃ or —ZnCI with a compound of formula (VI), wherein X^(B) represents bromo, chloro, iodo or triflate, using known processes from the literature using palladium-catalyzed reactions. For instance, the reactions can be carried out in the presence of a catalyst, such as palladium(II) acetate, palladium(0) tetrakis-triphenylphosphine or bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) dichloride, optionally in the presence of a ligand, such as triphenylphosphine, diphenylphosphinoferrocene (“dppf”) and a base, such as sodium carbonate, pyridine, triethylamine, 4-(dimethylamino)-pyridine (“DMAP”) or diisopropylethylamine (Hunig’s base), in a solvent, such as water, N,N-dimethylformamide, methyltetrahydrofuran or tetrahydrofuran. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of from 50° C. to 200° C., preferably from 100° C. to 150° C. The compounds of the general structure (VI) are either commercially available or may be prepared by processes known from to the person skilled in the art. The compounds of the general structure (V) may be prepared as described in the literature (WO2015067647).

wherein Y¹, Y³, Y⁵, A, R¹, Q and R² are as defined in any one of embodiments 1 to 12.

11) Compounds of formula (I), may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (V) wherein U represents a boronic acid, boronic ester or trifluoroboronate or —SnBu₃ or —ZnCI with a compound of formula (VIII), wherein X^(B) represents bromo, chloro, iodo or triflate, using known processes from the literature using palladium-catalyzed reactions. The compounds of the general structure (VIII) may be prepared by processes known from to the person skilled in the art.

wherein Y¹, Y³, Y⁵, A, R¹, Q and R² are as defined in any one of embodiments 1 to 12.

12) Compounds of formula (I), may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (IX) wherein X is a halogen, with a compound of formula (X), using known processes from the literature, either by nucleophilic substitution at the aromatic ring (X= Cl or F), or by a transition metal-catalyzed reaction (X= Br or I), for instance, using a palladium or copper-catalyzed reactions. The compounds of the general structure (IX) and (Xa) may be prepared by processes known from to the person skilled in the art.

wherein Y¹, Y³, Y⁵, R¹, Q and R² are as defined in any one of embodiments 1 to 12.

13) Compounds of formula (la), may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (XII) with a compound of formula (XI), using known processes from the literature, optionally in the presence of copper or a copper catalyst, such as copper sulfate or copper (I) iodide, and optionally in the presence of a base, such as N-ethyldiisopropylamine, in the presence of a solvent or a mixture of solvents, such as t-butanol, water. In the case of a Cu(ll) catalyst, a reducing agent, such as sodium ascorbate may be used. In the case of a Cu(0) catalyst, such as an amine salt, an oxidising agent may be used. (See, for example: Angewandte Chemie, International Edition (2009), 48(27), 4900-4908 and cited references, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 2182 - 2184 and cited references, and Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2006, 51-68 and cited references. The compounds of the general structure (XI) and (XII) may be prepared by processes known from to the person skilled in the art, or as is described in WO2011/113756.

A compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 can be converted in a manner known per se into another compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 by replacing one or more substituents of the starting compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 in the customary manner by (an)other substituent(s) according to the invention.

Depending on the choice of the reaction conditions and starting materials which are suitable in each case, it is possible, for example, in one reaction step only to replace one substituent by another substituent according to the invention, or a plurality of substituents can be replaced by other substituents according to the invention in the same reaction step.

Salts of compounds of formula (I) can be prepared in a manner known per se. Thus, for example, acid addition salts of compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 are obtained by treatment with a suitable acid or a suitable ion exchanger reagent and salts with bases are obtained by treatment with a suitable base or with a suitable ion exchanger reagent.

Salts of compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 can be converted in the customary manner into the free compounds, acid addition salts, for example, by treatment with a suitable basic compound or with a suitable ion exchanger reagent and salts with bases, for example, by treatment with a suitable acid or with a suitable ion exchanger reagent.

Salts of compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 can be converted in a manner known per se into other salts of compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12, acid addition salts, for example, into other acid addition salts, for example by treatment of a salt of inorganic acid such as hydrochloride with a suitable metal salt such as a sodium, barium or silver salt, of an acid, for example with silver acetate, in a suitable solvent in which an inorganic salt which forms, for example silver chloride, is insoluble and thus precipitates from the reaction mixture.

Depending on the procedure or the reaction conditions, the compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12, which have salt-forming properties can be obtained in free form or in the form of salts.

The compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 and, where appropriate, the tautomers thereof, in each case in free form or in salt form, can be present in the form of one of the stereoisomers which are possible or as a mixture of these, for example in the form of pure stereoisomers, such as antipodes and/or diastereomers, or as stereoisomer mixtures, such as enantiomer mixtures, for example racemates, diastereomer mixtures or racemate mixtures, depending on the number, absolute and relative configuration of asymmetric carbon atoms which occur in the molecule and/or depending on the configuration of non-aromatic double bonds which occur in the molecule; the invention relates to the pure stereoisomers and also to all stereoisomer mixtures which are possible and is to be understood in each case in this sense hereinabove and hereinbelow, even when stereochemical details are not mentioned specifically in each case.

Diastereomer mixtures or racemate mixtures of compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12, in free form or in salt form, which can be obtained depending on which starting materials and procedures have been chosen can be separated in a known manner into the pure diasteromers or racemates on the basis of the physicochemical differences of the components, for example by fractional crystallization, distillation and/or chromatography.

Enantiomer mixtures, such as racemates, which can be obtained in a similar manner can be resolved into the optical antipodes by known methods, for example by recrystallization from an optically active solvent, by chromatography on chiral adsorbents, for example high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on acetyl celulose, with the aid of suitable microorganisms, by cleavage with specific, immobilized enzymes, via the formation of inclusion compounds, for example using chiral crown ethers, where only one enantiomer is complexed, or by conversion into diastereomeric salts, for example by reacting a basic end-product racemate with an optically active acid, such as a carboxylic acid, for example camphor, tartaric or malic acid, or sulfonic acid, for example camphorsulfonic acid, and separating the diastereomer mixture which can be obtained in this manner, for example by fractional crystallization based on their differing solubilities, to give the diastereomers, from which the desired enantiomer can be set free by the action of suitable agents, for example basic agents.

Pure diastereomers or enantiomers can be obtained according to the invention not only by separating suitable stereoisomer mixtures, but also by generally known methods of diastereoselective or enantioselective synthesis, for example by carrying out the process according to the invention with starting materials of a suitable stereochemistry.

N-oxides can be prepared by reacting a compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 with a suitable oxidizing agent, for example the H₂O₂/urea adduct in the presence of an acid anhydride, e.g. trifluoroacetic anhydride. Such oxidations are known from the literature, for example from J. Med. Chem., 32 (12), 2561-73, 1989 or WO00/15615.

It is advantageous to isolate or synthesize in each case the biologically more effective stereoisomer, for example enantiomer or diastereomer, or stereoisomer mixture, for example enantiomer mixture or diastereomer mixture, if the individual components have a different biological activity.

The compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 and, where appropriate, the tautomers thereof, in each case in free form or in salt form, can, if appropriate, also be obtained in the form of hydrates and/or include other solvents, for example those which may have been used for the crystallization of compounds which are present in solid form.

The following Examples illustrate, but do not limit, the invention.

The compounds of the invention can be distinguished from known compounds by virtue of greater efficacy at low application rates, which can be verified by the person skilled in the art using the experimental procedures outlined in the Examples, using lower application rates if necessary, for example 50 ppm, 12.5 ppm, 6 ppm, 3 ppm, 1.5 ppm or 0.8 ppm.

The present invention also provides intermediates useful for the preparation of compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12. Certain intermediates are novel and as such form a further aspect of the invention.

One group of novel intermediates are compounds of formula (II)

wherein Y¹, Y³, Y⁵, A and R² are as defined in any one of embodiments 1 to 12, and P is hydroxy, C₁-C₁₅₋alkoxy or halogen, such as bromo, chloro or fluoro. The preferences for Y¹, Y³, Y⁵, A and R² are the same as the preferences set out for the corresponding substituents of a compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12.

Another group of novel intermediates are compounds of formula (III)

wherein Y¹, Y³, Y⁵, A and R² are as defined in any one of embodiments 1 to 12, and X is a halogen, amino, hydroxyl, C₁-Csalkoxy, cyano, C₁-C₈alkylsulfonyloxy, C₁-C₈haloalkylsulfonyloxy, C₁-Csarylsulfonyloxy, optionally substituted C₁-C₈arylsulfonyloxy (aryl is preferably phenyl), diazonium salts (e.g. X is —N₂ ⁺ CI^(—), —N₂ ⁺ BF₄ ^(—), —N₂ ⁺ Br, —N₂ ⁺ PF₆ ⁻), phosphonate esters (e.g. —OP(O)(OR′)₂, wherein R′ is methyl or ethyl), preferably bromo, iodo, chloro, cyano, trifluoromethylsulfoxy, p-toluenesulfoxy, diazonium chloride. The preferences for Y¹, Y³, Y⁵, A and R² are the same as the preferences set out for the corresponding substituents of a compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12.

One group of novel intermediates are compounds of formula (XI)

wherein R¹, R² and Q are as defined in any one of embodiments 1 to 12. The preferences for R¹, R² and Q are the same as the preferences set out for the corresponding substituents of a compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12.

One group of novel intermediates are compounds of formula (X)

wherein R¹, R², A and Q are as defined in any one of embodiments 1 to 12. The preferences for R¹, R², A and Q are the same as the preferences set out for the corresponding substituents of a compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12.

One group of novel intermediates are compounds of formula (VIII)

wherein R¹, R² and Q are as defined in any one of embodiments 1 to 12 and X is a halogen, amino, cyano, C₁-C₈alkylsulfonyloxy, C₁-C₈haloalkylsulfonyloxy, C₁-C₈arylsulfonyloxy, optionally substituted C₁-C₈arylsulfonyloxy (aryl is preferably phenyl), diazonium salts (e.g. X is —N₂ ⁺ Cl^(—), —N₂ ⁺ BF₄ ^(—), —N₂ ⁺ Br^(—), —N₂ ⁺ PF₆ ⁻), phosphonate esters (e.g. —OP(O)(OR′)₂, wherein R′ is methyl or ethyl), preferably bromo, iodo, chloro, cyano, trifluoromethylsulfoxy, p-toluenesulfoxy and diazonium chloride. The preferences for R¹, R² and Q are the same as the preferences set out for the corresponding substituents of a compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12.

The compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 are preventively and/or curatively valuable active ingredients in the field of pest control, even at low rates of application, which have a very favorable biocidal spectrum and are well tolerated by warm-blooded species, fish and plants. The active ingredients according to the invention act against all or individual developmental stages of normally sensitive, but also resistant, animal pests, such as insects or representatives of the order Acarina. The insecticidal or acaricidal activity of the active ingredients according to the invention can manifest itself directly, i. e. in destruction of the pests, which takes place either immediately or only after some time has elapsed, for example during ecdysis, or indirectly, for example in a reduced oviposition and/or hatching rate.

Examples of the above mentioned animal pests are:

-   from the order Acarina, for example, -   Acalitus spp, Aculus spp, Acaricalus spp, Aceria spp, Acarus siro,     Amblyomma spp., Argas spp., Boophilus spp., Brevipalpus spp.,     Bryobia spp, Calipitrimerus spp., Chorioptes spp., Dermanyssus     gallinae, Dermatophagoides spp, Eotetranychus spp, Eriophyes spp.,     Hemitarsonemus spp, Hyalomma spp., Ixodes spp., Olygonychus spp,     Ornithodoros spp., Polyphagotarsone latus, Panonychus spp.,     Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Phytonemus spp, Polyphagotarsonemus spp,     Psoroptes spp., Rhipicephalus spp., Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes     spp., Steneotarsonemus spp, Tarsonemus spp. and Tetranychus spp.; -   from the order Anoplura, for example, -   Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Pemphigus spp.     and Phylloxera spp.; -   from the order Coleoptera, for example, -   Agriotes spp., Amphimallon majale, Anomala orientalis, Anthonomus     spp., Aphodius spp, Astylus atromaculatus, Ataenius spp, Atomaria     linearis, Chaetocnema tibialis, Cerotoma spp, Conoderus spp,     Cosmopolites spp., Cotinis nitida, Curculio spp., Cyclocephala spp,     Dermestes spp., Diabrotica spp., Diloboderus abderus, Epilachna     spp., Eremnus spp., Heteronychus arator, Hypothenemus hampei, Lagria     vilosa, Leptinotarsa decemLineata, Lissorhoptrus spp., Liogenys spp,     Maecolaspis spp, Maladera castanea, Megascelis spp, Melighetes     aeneus, Melolontha spp., Myochrous armatus, Orycaephilus spp.,     Otiorhynchus spp., Phyllophaga spp, Phlyctinus spp., Popillia spp.,     Psylliodes spp., Rhyssomatus aubtilis, Rhizopertha spp.,     Scarabeidae, Sitophilus spp., Sitotroga spp., Somaticus spp,     Sphenophorus spp, Sternechus subsignatus, Tenebrio spp., Tribolium     spp. and Trogoderma spp.; -   from the order Diptera, for example, -   Aedes spp., Anopheles spp, Antherigona soccata,Bactrocea oleae,     Bibio hortulanus, Bradysia spp, Calliphora erythrocephala, Ceratitis     spp., Chrysomyia spp., Culex spp., Cuterebra spp., Dacus spp., Delia     spp, Drosophila melanogaster, Fannia spp., Gastrophilus spp.,     Geomyza tripunctata, Glossina spp., Hypoderma spp., Hyppobosca spp.,     Liriomyza spp., Lucilia spp., Melanagromyza spp., Musca spp.,     Oestrus spp., Orseolia spp., Oscinella frit, Pegomyia hyoscyami,     Phorbia spp., Rhagoletis spp, Rivelia quadrifasciata, Scatella spp,     Sciara spp., Stomoxys spp., Tabanus spp., Tannia spp. and Tipula     spp.; -   from the order Hemiptera, for example, -   Acanthocoris scabrator, Acrosternum spp, Adelphocoris lineolatus,     Amblypelta nitida, Bathycoelia thalassina, Blissus spp, Cimex spp.,     Clavigralla tomentosicollis, Creontiades spp, Distantiella     theobroma, Dichelops furcatus, Dysdercus spp., Edessa spp, Euchistus     spp., Eurydema pulchrum, Eurygaster spp., Halyomorpha halys, Horcias     nobilellus, Leptocorisa spp., Lygus spp, Margarodes spp, Murgantia     histrionic, Neomegalotomus spp, Nesidiocoris tenuis, Nezara spp.,     Nysius simulans, Oebalus insularis, Piesma spp., Piezodorus spp,     Rhodnius spp., Sahlbergella singularis, Scaptocoris castanea,     Scotinophara spp. , Thyanta spp , Triatoma spp., Vatiga illudens; -   Acyrthosium pisum, Adalges spp, Agalliana ensigera, Agonoscena     targionii, Aleurodicus spp, Aleurocanthus spp, Aleurolobus     barodensis, Aleurothrixus floccosus, Aleyrodes brassicae, Amarasca     biguttula, Amritodus atkinsoni, Aonidiella spp., Aphididae, Aphis     spp., Aspidiotus spp., Aulacorthum solani, Bactericera cockerelli,     Bemisia spp, Brachycaudus spp, Brevicoryne brassicae, Cacopsylla     spp, Cavariella aegopodii Scop., Ceroplaster spp., Chrysomphalus     aonidium, Chrysomphalus dictyospermi, Cicadella spp, Cofana spectra,     Cryptomyzus spp, Cicadulina spp, Coccus hesperidum, Dalbulus maidis,     Dialeurodes spp, Diaphorina citri, Diuraphis noxia, Dysaphis spp,     Empoasca spp., Eriosoma larigerum, Erythroneura spp., Gascardia     spp., Glycaspis brimblecombei, Hyadaphis pseudobrassicae,     Hyalopterus spp, Hyperomyzus pallidus, Idioscopus clypealis,     Jacobiasca lybica, Laodelphax spp., Lecanium corni, Lepidosaphes     spp., Lopaphis erysimi, Lyogenys maidis, Macrosiphum spp., Mahanarva     spp, Metcalfa pruinosa, Metopolophium dirhodum, Myndus crudus, Myzus     spp., Neotoxoptera sp, Nephotettix spp., Nilaparvata spp.,     Nippolachnus piri Mats, Odonaspis ruthae, Oregma lanigera Zehnter,     Parabemisia myricae, Paratrioza cockerelli, Parlatoria spp.,     Pemphigus spp., Peregrinus maidis, Perkinsiella spp, Phorodon     humuli, Phylloxera spp, Planococcus spp., Pseudaulacaspis spp.,     Pseudococcus spp., Pseudatomoscelis seriatus, Psylla spp.,     Pulvinaria aethiopica, Quadraspidiotus spp., Quesada gigas, Recilia     dorsalis, Rhopalosiphum spp., Saissetia spp., Scaphoideus spp.,     Schizaphis spp., Sitobion spp., Sogatella furcifera, Spissistilus     festinus, Tarophagus Proserpina, Toxoptera spp, Trialeurodes spp,     Tridiscus sporoboli, Trionymus spp, Trioza erytreae , Unaspis citri,     Zygina flammigera, Zyginidia scutellaris, ; -   from the order Hymenoptera, for example, -   Acromyrmex, Arge spp, Atta spp., Cephus spp., Diprion spp.,     Diprionidae, Gilpinia polytoma, Hoplo-campa spp., Lasius spp.,     Monomorium pharaonis, Neodiprion spp., Pogonomyrmex spp, Slenopsis     invicta, Solenopsis spp. and Vespa spp.; -   from the order Isoptera, for example, -   Coptotermes spp, Corniternes cumulans, Incisitermes spp, Macrotermes     spp, Mastotermes spp, Microtermes spp, Reticulitermes spp.;     Solenopsis geminate -   from the order Lepidoptera, for example, -   Acleris spp., Adoxophyes spp., Aegeria spp., Agrotis spp., Alabama     argillaceae, Amylois spp., Anticarsia gemmatalis, Archips spp.,     Argyresthia spp, Argyrotaenia spp., Autographa spp., Bucculatrix     thurberiella, Busseola fusca, Cadra cautella, Carposina nipponensis,     Chilo spp., Choristoneura spp., Chrysoteuchia topiaria, Clysia     ambiguella, Cnaphalocrocis spp., Cnephasia spp., Cochylis spp.,     Coleophora spp., Colias lesbia, Cosmophila flava, Crambus spp,     Crocidolomia binotalis, Cryptophlebia leucotreta, Cydalima     perspectalis, Cydia spp., Diaphania perspectalis, Diatraea spp.,     Diparopsis castanea, Earias spp., Eldana saccharina, Ephestia spp.,     Epinotia spp, Estigmene acrea, Etiella zinckinella, Eucosma spp.,     Eupoecilia ambiguella, Euproctis spp., Euxoa spp., Feltia     jaculiferia, Grapholita spp., Hedya nubiferana, Heliothis spp.,     Hellula undalis, Herpetogramma spp, Hyphantria cunea, Keiferia     lycopersicella, Lasmopalpus lignosellus, Leucoptera scitella,     Lithocollethis spp., Lobesia botrana, Loxostege bifidalis, Lymantria     spp., Lyonetia spp., Malacosoma spp., Mamestra brassicae, Manduca     sexta, Mythimna spp, Noctua spp, Operophtera spp., Orniodes indica,     Ostrinia nubilalis, Pammene spp., Pandemis spp., Panolis flammea,     Papaipema nebris, Pectinophora gossypiela, Perileucoptera coffeella,     Pseudaletia unipuncta, Phthorimaea operculella, Pieris rapae, Pieris     spp., Plutella xylostella, Prays spp., Pseudoplusia spp, Rachiplusia     nu, Richia albicosta, Scirpophaga spp., Sesamia spp., Sparganothis     spp., Spodoptera spp., Sylepta derogate, Synanthedon spp.,     Thaumetopoea spp., Tortrix spp., Trichoplusia ni, Tuta absoluta, and     Yponomeuta spp.; -   from the order Mallophaga, for example, -   Damalinea spp. and Trichodectes spp.; -   from the order Orthoptera, for example, -   Blatta spp., Blattella spp., Gryllotalpa spp., Leucophaea maderae,     Locusta spp., Neocurtilla hexadactyla, Periplaneta spp. ,     Scapteriscus spp, and Schistocerca spp.; -   from the order Psocoptera, for example, -   Liposcelis spp.; -   from the order Siphonaptera, for example, -   Ceratophyllus spp., Ctenocephalides spp. and Xenopsylla cheopis; -   from the order Thysanoptera, for example, -   Calliothrips phaseoli, Frankliniella spp., Heliothrips spp,     Hercinothrips spp., Parthenothrips spp, Scirtothrips aurantii,     Sericothrips variabilis, Taeniothrips spp., Thrips spp; -   from the order Thysanura, for example, Lepisma saccharina.

The active ingredients according to the invention can be used for controlling, i. e. containing or destroying, pests of the abovementioned type which occur in particular on plants, especially on useful plants and ornamentals in agriculture, in horticulture and in forests, or on organs, such as fruits, flowers, foliage, stalks, tubers or roots, of such plants, and in some cases even plant organs which are formed at a later point in time remain protected against these pests.

Suitable target crops are, in particular, cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, maize or sorghum; beet, such as sugar or fodder beet; fruit, for example pomaceous fruit, stone fruit or soft fruit, such as apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries or berries, for example strawberries, raspberries or blackberries; leguminous crops, such as beans, lentils, peas or soya; oil crops, such as oilseed rape, mustard, poppies, olives, sunflowers, coconut, castor, cocoa or ground nuts; cucurbits, such as pumpkins, cucumbers or melons; fibre plants, such as cotton, flax, hemp or jute; citrus fruit, such as oranges, lemons, grapefruit or tangerines; vegetables, such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbages, carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes or bell peppers; Lauraceae, such as avocado, Cinnamonium or camphor; and also tobacco, nuts, coffee, eggplants, sugarcane, tea, pepper, grapevines, hops, the plantain family, latex plants and ornamentals.

The active ingredients according to the invention are especially suitable for controlling Aphis craccivora, Diabrotica balteata, Heliothis virescens, Myzus persicae, Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera littoralis in cotton, vegetable, maize, rice and soya crops. The active ingredients according to the invention are further especially suitable for controlling Mamestra (preferably in vegetables), Cydia pomonella (preferably in apples), Empoasca(preferably in vegetables, vineyards), Leptinotarsa (preferably in potatos) and Chilo supressalis (preferably in rice).

In a further aspect, the invention may also relate to a method of controlling damage to plant and parts thereof by plant parasitic nematodes (Endoparasitic-, Semiendoparasitic- and Ectoparasitic nematodes), especially plant parasitic nematodes such as root knot nematodes, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne arenaria and other Meloidogyne species; cyst-forming nematodes, Globodera rostochiensis and other Globodera species; Heterodera avenae, Heterodera glycines, Heterodera schachtii, Heterodera trifolii, and other Heterodera species; Seed gall nematodes, Anguina species; Stem and foliar nematodes, Aphelenchoides species; Sting nematodes, Belonolaimus longicaudatus and other Belonolaimus species; Pine nematodes, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and other Bursaphelenchus species; Ring nematodes, Criconema species, Criconemella species, Criconemoides species, Mesocriconema species; Stem and bulb nematodes, Ditylenchus destructor, Ditylenchus dipsaci and other Ditylenchus species; Awl nematodes, Dolichodorus species; Spiral nematodes, Heliocotylenchus multicinctus and other Helicotylenchus species; Sheath and sheathoid nematodes, Hemicycliophora species and Hemicriconemoides species; Hirshmanniella species; Lance nematodes, Hoploaimus species; false rootknot nematodes, Nacobbus species; Needle nematodes, Longidorus elongatus and other Longidorus species; Pin nematodes, Pratylenchus species; Lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus neglectus, Pratylenchus penetrans, Pratylenchus curvitatus, Pratylenchus goodeyi and other Pratylenchus species; Burrowing nematodes, Radopholus similis and other Radopholus species; Reniform nematodes, Rotylenchus robustus, Rotylenchus reniformis and other Rotylenchus species; Scutellonema species; Stubby root nematodes, Trichodorus primitivus and other Trichodorus species, Paratrichodorus species; Stunt nematodes, Tylenchorhynchus claytoni, Tylenchorhynchus dubius and other Tylenchorhynchus species; Citrus nematodes, Tylenchulus species; Dagger nematodes, Xiphinema species; and other plant parasitic nematode species, such as Subanguina spp., Hypsoperine spp., Macroposthonia spp., Melinius spp., Punctodera spp., and Quinisulcius spp..

The compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 may also have activity against the molluscs. Examples of which include, for example, Ampullariidae; Arion (A. ater, A. circumscriptus, A. hortensis, A. rufus); Bradybaenidae (Bradybaena fruticum); Cepaea (C. hortensis, C. Nemoralis); ochlodina; Deroceras (D. agrestis, D. empiricorum, D. laeve, D. reticulatum); Discus (D. rotundatus); Euomphalia; Galba (G. trunculata); Helicelia (H. itala, H. obvia); Helicidae Helicigona arbustorum); Helicodiscus; Helix (H. aperta); Limax (L. cinereoniger, L. flavus, L. marginatus, L. maximus, L. tenellus); Lymnaea; Milax (M. gagates, M. marginatus, M. sowerbyi); Opeas; Pomacea (P. canaticulata); Vallonia and Zanitoides.

The term “crops” is to be understood as including also crop plants which have been so transformed by the use of recombinant DNA techniques that they are capable of synthesising one or more selectively acting toxins, such as are known, for example, from toxin-producing bacteria, especially those of the genus Bacillus.

Toxins that can be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example, insecticidal proteins, for example insecticidal proteins from Bacillus cereus or Bacillus popilliae; or insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as δ-endotoxins, e.g. Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), e.g. Vip1, Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A; or insecticidal proteins of bacteria colonising nematodes, for example Photorhabdus spp. or Xenorhabdus spp., such as Photorhabdus luminescens, Xenorhabdus nematophilus; toxins produced by animals, such as scorpion toxins, arachnid toxins, wasp toxins and other insect-specific neurotoxins; toxins produced by fungi, such as Streptomycetes toxins, plant lectins, such as pea lectins, barley lectins or snowdrop lectins; agglutinins; proteinase inhibitors, such as trypsin inhibitors, serine protease inhibitors, patatin, cystatin, papain inhibitors; ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIP), such as ricin, maize-RIP, abrin, luffin, saporin or bryodin; steroid metabolism enzymes, such as 3-hydroxysteroidoxidase, ecdysteroid-UDP-glycosyl-transferase, cholesterol oxidases, ecdysone inhibitors, HMG-COA-reductase, ion channel blockers, such as blockers of sodium or calcium channels, juvenile hormone esterase, diuretic hormone receptors, stilbene synthase, bibenzyl synthase, chitinases and glucanases.

In the context of the present invention there are to be understood by δ-endotoxins, for example Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), for example Vip1, Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A, expressly also hybrid toxins, truncated toxins and modified toxins. Hybrid toxins are produced recombinantly by a new combination of different domains of those proteins (see, for example, WO02/15701). Truncated toxins, for example a truncated Cry1Ab, are known. In the case of modified toxins, one or more amino acids of the naturally occurring toxin are replaced. In such amino acid replacements, preferably non-naturally present protease recognition sequences are inserted into the toxin, such as, for example, in the case of Cry3A055, a cathepsin-G-recognition sequence is inserted into a Cry3A toxin (see WO03/018810).

Examples of such toxins or transgenic plants capable of synthesising such toxins are disclosed, for example, in EP-A-0 374 753, WO93/07278, WO95/34656, EP-A-0 427 529, EP-A-451 878 and WO 03/052073.

The processes for the preparation of such transgenic plants are generally known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the publications mentioned above. Cryl-type deoxyribonucleic acids and their preparation are known, for example, from WO 95/34656, EP-A-0 367 474, EP-A-0 401 979 and WO 90/13651.

The toxin contained in the transgenic plants imparts to the plants tolerance to harmful insects. Such insects can occur in any taxonomic group of insects, but are especially commonly found in the beetles (Coleoptera), two-winged insects (Diptera) and moths (Lepidoptera).

Transgenic plants containing one or more genes that code for an insecticidal resistance and express one or more toxins are known and some of them are commercially available. Examples of such plants are: YieldGard® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1Ab toxin); YieldGard Rootworm® (maize variety that expresses a Cry3Bb1 toxin); YieldGard Plus® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1Ab and a Cry3Bb1 toxin); Starlink® (maize variety that expresses a Cry9C toxin); Herculex I® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1Fa2 toxin and the enzyme phosphinothricine N-acetyltransferase (PAT) to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium); NuCOTN 33B® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1 Ac toxin); Bollgard I® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1Ac toxin); Bollgard II® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1Ac and a Cry2Ab toxin); VipCot® (cotton variety that expresses a Vip3A and a Cry1Ab toxin); NewLeaf® (potato variety that expresses a Cry3A toxin); NatureGard®, Agrisure® GT Advantage (GA21 glyphosate-tolerant trait), Agrisure® CB Advantage (Bt11 corn borer (CB) trait) and Protecta®.

Further examples of such transgenic crops are:

-   1. Bt11 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de I’Hobit 27, F-31     790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C/FR/96/05/10.     Genetically modified Zea mays which has been rendered resistant to     attack by the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia     nonagrioides) by transgenic expression of a truncated Cry1Ab toxin.     Bt11 maize also transgenically expresses the enzyme PAT to achieve     tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium. -   2. Bt176 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de I’Hobit 27, F-31     790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C/FR/96/05/10.     Genetically modified Zea mays which has been rendered resistant to     attack by the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia     nonagrioides) by transgenic expression of a Cry1Ab toxin. Bt176     maize also transgenically expresses the enzyme PAT to achieve     tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium. -   3. MIR604 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de I’Hobit 27, F-31     790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C/FR/96/05/10. Maize     which has been rendered insect-resistant by transgenic expression of     a modified Cry3A toxin. This toxin is Cry3A055 modified by insertion     of a cathepsin-G-protease recognition sequence. The preparation of     such transgenic maize plants is described in WO 03/018810. -   4. MON 863 Maize from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de     Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/DE/02/9.     MON 863 expresses a Cry3Bb1 toxin and has resistance to certain     Coleoptera insects. -   5. IPC 531 Cotton from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de     Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/ES/96/02. -   6. 1507 Maize from Pioneer Overseas Corporation, Avenue Tedesco, 7     B-1160 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/NL/00/10.     Genetically modified maize for the expression of the protein Cry1 F     for achieving resistance to certain Lepidoptera insects and of the     PAT protein for achieving tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate     ammonium. -   7. NK603 × MON 810 Maize from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de     Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number     C/GB/02/M3/03. Consists of conventionally bred hybrid maize     varieties by crossing the genetically modified varieties NK603 and     MON 810. NK603 × MON 810 Maize transgenically expresses the protein     CP4 EPSPS, obtained from Agrobacterium sp. strain CP4, which imparts     tolerance to the herbicide Roundup® (contains glyphosate), and also     a Cry1Ab toxin obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki     which brings about tolerance to certain Lepidoptera, include the     European corn borer.

Transgenic crops of insect-resistant plants are also described in BATS (Zentrum für Biosicherheit und Nachhaltigkeit, Zentrum BATS, Clarastrasse 13, 4058 Basel, Switzerland) Report 2003, (http://bats.ch). The term “crops” is to be understood as including also crop plants which have been so transformed by the use of recombinant DNA techniques that they are capable of synthesising antipathogenic substances having a selective action, such as, for example, the so-called “pathogenesis-related proteins” (PRPs, see e.g. EP-A-0 392 225). Examples of such antipathogenic substances and transgenic plants capable of synthesising such antipathogenic substances are known, for example, from EP-A-0 392 225, WO95/33818 and EP-A-0 353 191. The methods of producing such transgenic plants are generally known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the publications mentioned above.

Crops may also be modified for enhanced resistance to fungal (for example Fusarium, Anthracnose, or Phytophthora), bacterial (for example Pseudomonas) or viral (for example potato leafroll virus, tomato spotted wilt virus, cucumber mosaic virus) pathogens.

Crops also include those that have enhanced resistance to nematodes, such as the soybean cyst nematode.

Crops that are tolerant to abiotic stress include those that have enhanced tolerance to drought, high salt, high temperature, chill, frost, or light radiation, for example through expression of NF-YB or other proteins known in the art.

Antipathogenic substances which can be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example, ion channel blockers, such as blockers for sodium and calcium channels, for example the viral KP1, KP4 or KP6 toxins; stilbene synthases; bibenzyl synthases; chitinases; glucanases; the so-called “pathogenesis-related proteins” (PRPs; see e.g. EP-A-0 392 225); antipathogenic substances produced by microorganisms, for example peptide antibiotics or heterocyclic antibiotics (see e.g. WO95/33818) or protein or polypeptide factors involved in plant pathogen defence (so-called “plant disease resistance genes”, as described in WO 03/000906).

Further areas of use of the compositions according to the invention are the protection of stored goods and store rooms and the protection of raw materials, such as wood, textiles, floor coverings or buildings, and also in the hygiene sector, especially the protection of humans, domestic animals and productive livestock against pests of the mentioned type.

The present invention also provides a method for controlling pests (such as mosquitoes and other disease vectors; see also http://www.who.int/malaria/vector_control/irs/en/). In one embodiment, the method for controlling pests comprises applying the compositions of the invention to the target pests, to their locus or to a surface or substrate by brushing, rolling, spraying, spreading or dipping. By way of example, an IRS (indoor residual spraying) application of a surface such as a wall, ceiling or floor surface is contemplated by the method of the invention. In another embodiment, it is contemplated to apply such compositions to a substrate such as non-woven or a fabric material in the form of (or which can be used in the manufacture of) netting, clothing, bedding, curtains and tents.

In another embodiment, the method for controlling such pests comprises applying a pesticidally effective amount of the compositions of the invention to the target pests, to their locus, or to a surface or substrate so as to provide effective residual pesticidal activity on the surface or substrate. Such application may be made by brushing, rolling, spraying, spreading or dipping the pesticidal composition of the invention. By way of example, an IRS application of a surface such as a wall, ceiling or floor surface is contemplated by the method of the invention so as to provide effective residual pesticidal activity on the surface. In another embodiment, it is contemplated to apply such compositions for residual control of pests on a substrate such as a fabric material in the form of (or which can be used in the manufacture of) netting, clothing, bedding, curtains and tents.

Substrates including non-woven, fabrics or netting to be treated may be made of natural fibres such as cotton, raffia, jute, flax, sisal, hessian, or wool, or synthetic fibres such as polyamide, polyester, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile or the like. The polyesters are particularly suitable. The methods of textile treatment are known, e.g. WO 2008/151984, WO 2003/034823, US 5631072, WO 2005/64072, WO2006/128870, EP 1724392, WO2005113886 or WO 2007/090739.

Further areas of use of the compositions according to the invention are the field of tree injection/trunk treatment for all ornamental trees as well all sort of fruit and nut trees.

In the field of tree injection/trunk treatment, the compounds according to the present invention are especially suitable against wood-boring insects from the order Lepidoptera as mentioned above and from the order Coleoptera, especially against woodborers listed in the following tables A and B:

TABLE A Examples of exotic woodborers of economic importance Family Species Host or Crop Infested Buprestidae Agrilus planipennis Ash Cerambycidae Anoplura glabripennis Hardwoods Xylosandrus crassiusculus Hardwoods Scolytidae X. mutilatus Hardwoods Tomicus piniperda Conifers

TABLE B Examples of native woodborers of economic importance Family Species Host or Crop Infested Agrilus anxius Birch Buprestidae Agrilus politus Willow, Maple Agrilus sayi Bayberry, Sweetfern Family Species Host or Crop Infested Agrilus vittaticolllis Apple, Pear, Cranberry, Serviceberry, Hawthorn Chrysobothris femorata Apple, Apricot, Beech, Boxelder, Cherry, Chestnut, Currant, Elm, Hawthorn, Hackberry, Hickory, Horsechestnut, Linden, Maple, Mountain-ash, Oak, Pecan, Pear, Peach, Persimmon, Plum, Poplar, Quince, Redbud, Serviceberry, Sycamore, Walnut, Willow Texania campestris Basswood, Beech, Maple, Oak, Sycamore, Willow, Yellow-poplar Goes pulverulentus Beech, Elm, Nuttall, Willow, Black oak, Cherrybark oak, Water oak, Sycamore Goes tigrinus Oak Cerambycidae Neoclytus acuminatus Ash, Hickory, Oak, Walnut, Birch, Beech, Maple, Eastern hophornbeam, Dogwood, Persimmon, Redbud, Holly, Hackberry, Black locust, Honeylocust, Yellow-poplar, Chestnut, Osage-orange, Sassafras, Lilac, Mountain-mahogany, Pear, Cherry, Plum, Peach, Apple, Elm, Basswood, Sweetgum Neoptychodes trilineatus Fig, Alder, Mulberry, Willow, Netleaf hackberry Oberea ocellata Sumac, Apple, Peach, Plum, Pear, Currant, Blackberry Oberea tripunctata Dogwood, Viburnum, Elm, Sourwood, Blueberry, Rhododendron, Azalea, Laurel, Poplar, Willow, Mulberry Oncideres cingulata Hickory, Pecan, Persimmon, Elm, Sourwood, Basswood, Honeylocust, Dogwood, Eucalyptus, Oak, Hackberry, Maple, Fruit trees Saperda calcarata Poplar Strophiona nitens Chestnut, Oak, Hickory, Walnut, Beech, Maple Corthylus columbianus Maple, Oak, Yellow-poplar, Beech, Boxelder, Sycamore, Birch, Basswood, Chestnut, Elm Dendroctonus frontalis Pine Dryocoetes betulae Birch, Sweetgum, Wild cherry, Beech, Pear Scolytidae Monarthrum fasciatum Oak, Maple, Birch, Chestnut, Sweetgum, Blackgum, Poplar, Hickory, Mimosa, Apple, Peach, Pine Phloeotribus liminaris Peach, Cherry, Plum, Black cherry, Elm, Mulberry, Mountain-ash Pseudopityophthorus pruinosus Oak, American beech, Black cherry, Chickasaw plum, Chestnut, Maple, Hickory, Hornbeam, Hophornbeam Paranthrene simulans Oak, American chestnut Sannina uroceriformis Persimmon Synanthedon exitiosa Peach, Plum, Nectarine, Cherry, Apricot, Almond, Black cherry Synanthedon pictipes Peach, Plum, Cherry, Beach, Black Cherry Sesiidae Synanthedon rubrofascia Tupelo Synanthedon scitula Dogwood, Pecan, Hickory, Oak, Chestnut, Beech, Birch, Black cherry, Elm, Mountain-ash, Viburnum, Willow, Apple, Loquat, Ninebark, Bayberry Vitacea polistiformis Grape

In the hygiene sector, the compositions according to the invention are active against ectoparasites such as hard ticks, soft ticks, mange mites, harvest mites, flies (biting and licking), parasitic fly larvae, lice, hair lice, bird lice and fleas.

Examples of such parasites are:

-   Of the order Anoplurida: Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp.,     Pediculus spp. and Phtirus spp., Solenopotes spp.. -   Of the order Mallophagida: Trimenopon spp., Menopon spp., Trinoton     spp., Bovicola spp., Werneckiella spp., Lepikentron spp., Damalina     spp., Trichodectes spp. and Felicola spp.. -   Of the order Diptera and the suborders Nematocerina and     Brachycerina, for example Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Culex spp.,     Simulium spp., Eusimulium spp., Phlebotomus spp., Lutzomyia spp.,     Culicoides spp., Chrysops spp., Hybomitra spp., Atylotus spp.,     Tabanus spp., Haematopota spp., Philipomyia spp., Braula spp., Musca     spp., Hydrotaea spp., Stomoxys spp., Haematobia spp., Morellia spp.,     Fannia spp., Glossina spp., Calliphora spp., Lucilia spp.,     Chrysomyia spp., Wohlfahrtia spp., Sarcophaga spp., Oestrus spp.,     Hypoderma spp., Gasterophilus spp., Hippobosca spp., Lipoptena spp.     and Melophagus spp.. -   Of the order Siphonapterida, for example Pulex spp., Ctenocephalides     spp., Xenopsylla spp., Ceratophyllus spp.. -   Of the order Heteropterida, for example Cimex spp., Triatoma spp.,     Rhodnius spp., Panstrongylus spp.. -   Of the order Blattarida, for example Blatta orientalis, Periplaneta     americana, Blattelagermanica and Supella spp.. -   Of the subclass Acaria (Acarida) and the orders Meta- and     Meso-stigmata, for example Argas spp., Ornithodorus spp., Otobius     spp., lxodes spp., Amblyomma spp., Boophilus spp., Dermacentor spp.,     Haemophysalis spp., Hyalomma spp., Rhipicephalus spp., Dermanyssus     spp., Raillietia spp., Pneumonyssus spp., Sternostoma spp. and     Varroa spp.. -   Of the orders Actinedida (Prostigmata) and Acaridida (Astigmata),     for example Acarapis spp., Cheyletiella spp., Ornithocheyletia spp.,     Myobia spp., Psorergatesspp., Demodex spp., Trombicula spp.,     Listrophorus spp., Acarus spp., Tyrophagus spp., Caloglyphus spp.,     Hypodectes spp., Pterolichus spp., Psoroptes spp., Chorioptes spp.,     Otodectes spp., Sarcoptes spp., Notoedres spp., Knemidocoptes spp.,     Cytodites spp. and Laminosioptes spp..

The compositions according to the invention are also suitable for protecting against insect infestation in the case of materials such as wood, textiles, plastics, adhesives, glues, paints, paper and card, leather, floor coverings and buildings.

The compositions according to the invention can be used, for example, against the following pests: beetles such as Hylotrupes bajulus, Chlorophorus pilosis, Anobium punctatum, Xestobium rufovillosum, Ptilinuspecticornis, Dendrobium pertinex, Ernobius mollis, Priobium carpini, Lyctus brunneus, Lyctus africanus, Lyctus planicollis, Lyctus linearis, Lyctus pubescens, Trogoxylon aequale, Minthesrugicollis, Xyleborus spec.,Tryptodendron spec., Apate monachus, Bostrychus capucins, Heterobostrychus brunneus, Sinoxylon spec. and Dinoderus minutus, and also hymenopterans such as Sirexjuvencus, Urocerus gigas, Urocerus gigas taignus and Urocerus augur, and termites such as Kalotermes flavicollis, Cryptotermes brevis, Heterotermes indicola, Reticulitermes flavipes, Reticulitermes santonensis, Reticulitermes lucifugus, Mastotermes darwiniensis, Zootermopsis nevadensis and Coptotermes formosanus, and bristletails such as Lepisma saccharina.

In one aspect, the invention therefore also relates to pesticidal compositions such as emulsifiable concentrates, suspension concentrates, microemulsions, oil dispersibles, directly sprayable or dilutable solutions, spreadable pastes, dilute emulsions, soluble powders, dispersible powders, wettable powders, dusts, granules or encapsulations in polymeric substances, which comprise - at least - one of the active ingredients according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 and which are to be selected to suit the intended aims and the prevailing circumstances. In these compositions, the active ingredient is employed in pure form, a solid active ingredient for example in a specific particle size, or, preferably, together with — at least — one of the auxiliaries conventionally used in the art of formulation, such as extenders, for example solvents or solid carriers, or such as surface-active compounds (surfactants).

Examples of suitable solvents are: unhydrogenated or partially hydrogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, preferably the fractions C₈ to C₁₂ of alkylbenzenes, such as xylene mixtures, alkylated naphthalenes or tetrahydronaphthalene, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons, such as paraffins or cyclohexane, alcohols such as ethanol, propanol or butanol, glycols and their ethers and esters such as propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol ether, ethylene glycol or ethylene glycol monomethyl ether or ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ketones, such as cyclohexanone, isophorone or diacetone alcohol, strongly polar solvents, such as N-methylpyrrolid-2-one, dimethyl sulfoxide or N,N-dimethylformamide, water, unepoxidized or epoxidized vegetable oils, such as unexpodized or epoxidized rapeseed, castor, coconut or soya oil, and silicone oils.

Solid carriers which are used for example for dusts and dispersible powders are, as a rule, ground natural minerals such as calcite, talc, kaolin, montmorillonite or attapulgite. To improve the physical properties, it is also possible to add highly disperse silicas or highly disperse absorbtive polymers. Suitable adsorptive carriers for granules are porous types, such as pumice, brick grit, sepiolite or bentonite, and suitable non-sorptive carrier materials are calcite or sand. In addition, a large number of granulated materials of inorganic or organic nature can be used, in particular dolomite or comminuted plant residues.

Suitable surface-active compounds are, depending on the type of the active ingredient to be formulated, non-ionic, cationic and/or anionic surfactants or surfactant mixtures which have good emulsifying, dispersing and wetting properties. The surfactants mentioned below are only to be considered as examples; a large number of further surfactants which are conventionally used in the art of formulation and suitable according to the invention are described in the relevant literature.

Suitable non-ionic surfactants are, especially, polyglycol ether derivatives of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols, of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids or of alkyl phenols which may contain approximately 3 to approximately 30 glycol ether groups and approximately 8 to approximately 20 carbon atoms in the (cyclo)aliphatic hydrocarbon radical or approximately 6 to approximately 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety of the alkyl phenols. Also suitable are water-soluble polyethylene oxide adducts with polypropylene glycol, ethylenediaminopolypropylene glycol or alkyl polypropylene glycol having 1 to approximately 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain and approximately 20 to approximately 250 ethylene glycol ether groups and approximately 10 to approximately 100 propylene glycol ether groups. Normally, the abovementioned compounds contain 1 to approximately 5 ethylene glycol units per propylene glycol unit. Examples which may be mentioned are nonylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol, castor oil polyglycol ether, polypropylene glycol/polyethylene oxide adducts, tributylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol, polyethylene glycol or octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol. Also suitable are fatty acid esters of polyoxyethylene sorbitan, such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate.

The cationic surfactants are, especially, quarternary ammonium salts which generally have at least one alkyl radical of approximately 8 to approximately 22 C atoms as substituents and as further substituents (unhalogenated or halogenated) lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl or benzyl radicals. The salts are preferably in the form of halides, methylsulfates or ethylsulfates. Examples are stearyltrimethylammonium chloride and benzylbis(2-chloroethyl)ethylammonium bromide.

Examples of suitable anionic surfactants are water-soluble soaps or water-soluble synthetic surface-active compounds. Examples of suitable soaps are the alkali, alkaline earth or (unsubstituted or substituted) ammonium salts of fatty acids having approximately 10 to approximately 22 C atoms , such as the sodium or potassium salts of oleic or stearic acid, or of natural fatty acid mixtures which are obtainable for example from coconut or tall oil; mention must also be made of the fatty acid methyl taurates. However, synthetic surfactants are used more frequently, in particular fatty sulfonates, fatty sulfates, sulfonated benzimidazole derivatives or alkylaryl sulfonates. As a rule, the fatty sulfonates and fatty sulfates are present as alkali, alkaline earth or (substituted or unsubstituted) ammonium salts and they generally have an alkyl radical of approximately 8 to approximately 22 C atoms, alkyl also to be understood as including the alkyl moiety of acyl radicals; examples which may be mentioned are the sodium or calcium salts of lignosulfonic acid, of the dodecylsulfuric ester or of a fatty alcohol sulfate mixture prepared from natural fatty acids. This group also includes the salts of the sulfuric esters and sulfonic acids of fatty alcohol/ethylene oxide adducts. The sulfonated benzimidazole derivatives preferably contain 2 sulfonyl groups and a fatty acid radical of approximately 8 to approximately 22 C atoms. Examples of alkylarylsulfonates are the sodium, calcium or triethanolammonium salts of decylbenzenesulfonic acid, of dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid or of a naphthalenesulfonic acid/formaldehyde condensate. Also possible are, furthermore, suitable phosphates, such as salts of the phosphoric ester of a p-nonylphenol/(4-14)ethylene oxide adduct, or phospholipids.

As a rule, the compositions comprise 0.1 to 99%, especially 0.1 to 95%, of active ingredient and 1 to 99.9%, especially 5 to 99.9%, of at least one solid or liquid adjuvant, it being possible as a rule for 0 to 25%, especially 0.1 to 20%, of the composition to be surfactants(% in each case meaning percent by weight). Whereas concentrated compositions tend to be preferred for commercial goods, the end consumer as a rule uses dilute compositions which have substantially lower concentrations of active ingredient.

Typically, a pre-mix formulation for foliar application comprises 0.1 to 99.9%, especially 1 to 95%, of the desired ingredients, and 99.9 to 0.1%, especially 99 to 5%, of a solid or liquid adjuvant (including, for example, a solvent such as water), where the auxiliaries can be a surfactant in an amount of 0 to 50%, especially 0.5 to 40%, based on the pre-mix formulation.

Normally, a tank-mix formulation for seed treatment application comprises 0.25 to 80%, especially 1 to 75%, of the desired ingredients, and 99.75 to 20%, especially 99 to 25%, of a solid or liquid auxiliaries (including, for example, a solvent such as water), where the auxiliaries can be a surfactant in an amount of 0 to 40%, especially 0.5 to 30%, based on the tank-mix formulation.

Typically, a pre-mix formulation for seed treatment application comprises 0.5 to 99.9%, especially 1 to 95%, of the desired ingredients, and 99.5 to 0.1%, especially 99 to 5%, of a solid or liquid adjuvant (including, for example, a solvent such as water), where the auxiliaries can be a surfactant in an amount of 0 to 50%, especially 0.5 to 40%, based on the pre-mix formulation.

Whereas commercial products will preferably be formulated as concentrates (e.g., pre-mix composition (formulation)), the end user will normally employ dilute formulations (e.g., tank mix composition).

Preferred seed treatment pre-mix formulations are aqueous suspension concentrates. The formulation can be applied to the seeds using conventional treating techniques and machines, such as fluidized bed techniques, the roller mill method, rotostatic seed treaters, and drum coaters. Other methods, such as spouted beds may also be useful. The seeds may be presized before coating. After coating, the seeds are typically dried and then transferred to a sizing machine for sizing. Such procedures are known in the art.

In general, the pre-mix compositions of the invention contain 0.5 to 99.9 especially 1 to 95, advantageously 1 to 50%, by mass of the desired ingredients, and 99.5 to 0.1, especially 99 to 5%, by mass of a solid or liquid adjuvant (including, for example, a solvent such as water), where the auxiliaries (or adjuvant) can be a surfactant in an amount of 0 to 50, especially 0.5 to 40%, by mass based on the mass of the pre-mix formulation.

Examples of foliar formulation types for pre-mix compositions are:

-   GR: Granules -   WP: wettable powders -   WG: water dispersable granules (powders) -   SG: water soluble granules -   SL: soluble concentrates -   EC: emulsifiable concentrate -   EW: emulsions, oil in water -   ME: micro-emulsion -   SC: aqueous suspension concentrate -   CS: aqueous capsule suspension -   OD: oil-based suspension concentrate, and -   SE: aqueous suspo-emulsion. -   Whereas, examples of seed treatment formulation types for pre-mix     compositions are: WS: wettable powders for seed treatment slurry -   LS: solution for seed treatment -   ES: emulsions for seed treatment -   FS: suspension concentrate for seed treatment -   WG: water dispersible granules, and -   CS: aqueous capsule suspension.

Examples of formulation types suitable for tank-mix compositions are solutions, dilute emulsions, suspensions, or a mixture thereof, and dusts.

Preferred compositions are composed in particular as follows (% = percent by weight):

Emulsifiable concentrates: active ingredient: 1 to 95%, preferably 5 to 20% surfactant: 1 to 30%, preferably 10 to 20% solvent: 5 to 98%, preferably 70 to 85%

Dusts: active ingredient: 0.1 to 10%, preferably 0.1 to 1% solid carrier: 99.9 to 90%, preferably 99.9 to 99%

Suspension concentrates: active ingredient: 5 to 75%, preferably 10 to 50% water: 94 to 24%, preferably 88 to 30% surfactant: 1 to 40%, preferably 2 to 30%

Wettable powders: active ingredient: 0.5 to 90%, preferably 1 to 80% surfactant: 0.5 to 20%, preferably 1 to 15% solid carrier: 5 to 99%, preferably 15 to 98%

Granulates: active ingredient: 0.5 to 30%, preferably 3 to 15% solid carrier: 99.5 to 70%, preferably 97 to 85%

EXAMPLES

The following compounds according to embodiment 1 may be prepared according to the methods described herein or according to known methods.

Experimental

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not to be construed as being limitations thereon.

“Mp” means melting point in °C. ¹ H NMR measurements were recorded on a Brucker 400 MHz spectrometer, chemical shifts are given in ppm relevant to a TMS standard. Spectra measured in deuterated solvents as indicated.

LC MS Method A Standard

Spectra were recorded on a Mass Spectrometer from Waters (SQD or ZQ Single quadrupole mass spectrometer) equipped with an electrospray source (Polarity: positive or negative ions, Capillary: 3.00 kV, Cone range: 30-60 V, Extractor: 2.00 V, Source Temperature: 150° C., Desolvation Temperature: 350° C., Cone Gas Flow: 0 L/Hr, Desolvation Gas Flow: 650 L/Hr, Mass range: 100 to 900 Da) and an Acquity UPLC from Waters: Binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector. Solvent degasser, binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector. Column: Waters UPLC HSS T3, 1.8 µm, 30 x 2.1 mm, Temp: 60° C., DAD Wavelength range (nm): 210 to 500, Solvent Gradient: A = water + 5% MeOH + 0.05 % HCOOH, B= Acetonitrile + 0.05% HCOOH: gradient: gradient: 0 min 0% B, 100%A; 1.2-1.5 min 100% B; Flow (ml/min) 0.85.

LC MS Method B Standard Long

Spectra were recorded on a Mass Spectrometer from Waters (SQD or ZQ Single quadrupole mass spectrometer) equipped with an electrospray source (Polarity: positive or negative ions, Capillary: 3.00 kV, Cone range: 30-60 V, Extractor: 2.00 V, Source Temperature: 150° C., Desolvation Temperature: 350° C., Cone Gas Flow: 0 L/Hr, Desolvation Gas Flow: 650 L/Hr, Mass range: 100 to 900 Da) and an Acquity UPLC from Waters: Binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector. Solvent degasser, binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector. Column: Waters UPLC HSS T3, 1.8 µm, 30 x 2.1 mm, Temp: 60° C., DAD Wavelength range (nm): 210 to 500, Solvent Gradient: A = water + 5% MeOH + 0.05% HCOOH, B= Acetonitrile + 0.05% HCOOH: gradient: gradient: 0 min 0% B, 100% A; 2.7-3.0 min 100% B; Flow (ml/min) 0.85.

LC MS Method C Unpolar

Spectra were recorded on a Mass Spectrometer from Waters (SQD or ZQ Single quadrupole mass spectrometer) equipped with an electrospray source (Polarity: positive or negative ions, Capillary: 3.00 kV, Cone range: 30-60 V, Extractor: 2.00 V, Source Temperature: 150° C., Desolvation Temperature: 350° C., Cone Gas Flow: 0 L/Hr, Desolvation Gas Flow: 650 L/Hr, Mass range: 100 to 900 Da) and an Acquity UPLC from Waters: Binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector. Solvent degasser, binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector. Column: Waters UPLC HSS T3, 1.8 µm, 30 x 2.1 mm, Temp: 60° C., DAD Wavelength range (nm): 210 to 500, Solvent Gradient: A = water + 5% MeOH + 0.05% HCOOH, B= Acetonitrile + 0.05% HCOOH: gradient: gradient: 0 min 40% B, 60% A; 1.2-1.5 min 100% B; Flow (ml/min) 0.85.

Example 1: Preparation of 2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide

a) Preparation of 1 ethyl 5-bromo-2-cyano-thiophene-3-carboxylate

To a solution of ethyl 2,5-dibromothiophene-3-carboxylate (4 g) in 12 mL DMF were added copper cyanide (1.23 g) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (291 mg) and the reaction mixture was heated to 80° C. for 21 h. The reaction mixture was poured onto 200 mL of a stirred mixture of ethyl acetate/cyclohexane (3:1), the solids were filtered off through a pad of celite and the filtrate was washed three times with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium carbonate then once with brine. The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography (silica, cyclohexne / ethyl acetate) to afford the title product as a white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI₃) δ ppm 1.45 (t, 3 H), 4.55 (q, 3 H), 7.58 (s, 1H). LC-MS (Method A): t_(R) = 0.99 min, m/z = 260 [M+1], 262 [M+3].

b) Preparation of 5-bromo-2-cvano-thiophene-3-carboxvlic acid

A solution of ethyl 5-bromo-2-cyano-thiophene-3-carboxylate (0.250 g) in tetrahydrofurane (3.44 ml) and water (0.96 ml) was treated with lithium hydroxide (0.101 g) and was stirred at 20° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was acidified with conc. Aqueous hydrochloric acid and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water, then with brine and dried over sodium sulfate. Evaporation of the solvent yielded the title compound as a yellow powder that was used without purification for the following step.

¹H-NMR (d6-DMSO, 400 MHz, δ in ppm): 7.71 (s, 1H).

c) Preparation of 5-bromo-2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide

A solution of 5-bromo-2-cyano-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid (0.228 g) in dichloromethane (4.55 ml) was treated with oxalyl chloride (0.231 g) and a catalytic amount of N,N-dimethylformamide. After 0.5 hour, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was dissolved in tetrahydrofurane (4.5 ml). This solution was slowly added to a solution of cyclopropylamine (0.106 g) in tetrahydrofurane (4.5 ml) under stirring. After 15 hours, the reaction mixture was treated with an aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate and extracted twice with dichloromethane. The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate. The crude product was purified by chromatography over silica gel, eluting with a mixture of ethyl acetate-cyclohexane (3:7). Evaporation of the selected fractions left the title compound as a pale yellow solid.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz, δ in ppm): 7.48 (s, 1H), 6.50 (br. s, 1 H), 2.91 (m, 1H), 0.95-0.87 (m, 2H), 0.72-0.67 (m, 2H).

d) Preparation of [2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]hydrazine

To a suspension of 2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]aniline ) (3.3 g) in 15 mL solution of HCl (6N) at 0-5° C. was added dropwise a solution of NaNO₂ (897 mg) in 10 mL water then the solution was stirred for 20 min at 0-5° C. then it was added dropwise at room temperature to the solution of SnCl₂ (5.68 g) in 25 mL aqueous HCl (6N). The precipiate was filtered and washed with water. The resulting wet cake was suspended in water and the pH was adjusted to 10 and the organic material was extracted into ethyl acetate, the organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography (silica, DCM) to afford the title product as a white solid.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 4.0-4.1 (brs, 2H), 5.78-5.9 (brs, 1H), 7.47 (s, 2H).

e) Preparation of 1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazole

To the a solution of [2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]hydrazine (424 mg) in EtOH (1.43 mL) were added tetramethoxypropane (202 mg) and H₂SO₄ (62 mg) and the reaction mixture was heated to 80° C. for 3 h. The reaction mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate and a saturated solution of NaHCO₃, the layers were separated, the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined organic phase was dried over magniesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica, cyclohexane / gradient of ethyl acetate) to afford the title compound.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm: 6.55 (t, 1H), 7.61 (m, 1H), 7.71 (s, 2H), 7.85 (m, 1H).

f) Preparation of 1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-4-iodo-pyrazole

To a solution of 1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazole (1.81 g) in 25 mL acetonitrile was added dropwise a solution of N-iodosuccinimide (5.36 g) in 35 mL acetonitrile over 10 min and the reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 5 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure then poured onto of a mixture of ethyl acetate/water, the aqueous phase was separated and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with a saturated solution of sodium carbonate then brine and dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography (silica, cyclohexne / ethyl acetate) to afford the title product as a beige solid.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm 7.64 (s, 1 H), 7.71 (m, 2 H), 7.83 (s, 1H).

mp°C 92-96° C.

g) Preparation of 1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrazole

In a microwave tube, 1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-4-iodo-pyrazole (2.23 g), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-,3,2-dioxaborolane (1.11 g) and potassium acetate (1.09 g) were dissolved in 11 ml dimethylsulfoxide. The mixture was purged with argon for 5 min. [1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium (66 mg) was added and the mixture was heated to 80° C. for 4 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, filtered through a pad of celite, the filtrate was washed with a saturated solution of ammonium chloride and brine. The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. The resulting brown oil was progressed to the next step without purification.

LC-MS (Method A): t_(R) = 1.32 min, m/z = 508 [M+1].

h) Preparation of ethyl 2-cyano-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxylate

In a flask, 1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrazole (467 mg), 1 ethyl 5-bromo-2-cyano-thiophene-3-carboxylate (200 mg) were dissolved in 5.4 mL of DMF. The mixture was purged with argon for 5 min then Pd(PPh₃)₄ (89 mg) and a solution of potassium carbonate (322 g) in 0.76 mL of water were added and the mixture was heated at 85° C. for 3 h. The reation mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, filtered through a pad of celite, the filtrate was washed with water and brine. The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude brown oil was purified by flash chromatography (silica, ethyl acetate/cyclohexane) to afford the tilte compound as an oil.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 1.45 (t, 3 H), 4.45 (q, 2 H), 7.62 (s, 1 H), 7.78 (s, 2 H), 7.9 (s, 1 H), 8.1 (s, 1 H).

LC-MS (Method A): t_(R) = 1.30 min, m/z = 560 [M+1].

i) Preparation of 2-cyano-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of ethyl 2-cyano-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxylate (220 mg), lithium hydroxide (28 mg), tetrahydrofuran (3.1 mL) and water (0.4 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The mixture was acidified with 1 N HCl and the product was extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to afford a white solid.

LC-MS (Method A): t_(R) = 1.15 min, m/z = 532 [M+1].

j) Preparation of 2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide

To a stirred solution of 2-cyano-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid (265 mg) in DMF (2 mL) were added HATU (228 mg), cyclopropylamine (33 mg), N,N.diisopropylethylamine (177 mg) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate and a saturated solution of ammonium chloride, the layers were separated and the organic phase was washed with brine, dried over magniesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica, cyclohexane / gradient of ethyl acetate) to afford a white solid.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm: 0.69-0.73 (m, 2 H), 0.90-0.98 (m, 2H), 2.9-3.0 (m, 1H), 6.6 (brs, 1H), 7.58 (s, 1 H), 7.78 (s, 2 H), 7.90 (s, 1 H), 8.08 (s, 1 H).

¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm -182 (m, 1F), -75 (m, 6F).

LC-MS (Method A): t_(R) = 1.18 min, m/z = 571 [M+1].

Example 2: Preparation of 2-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide

a) Preparation of 2-chloro-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid

In a flask, 1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrazole (892 mg), 5-bromo-2-chloro-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid (200 mg) were dissolved in 4.9 mL of DMF. The mixture was purged with argon for 5 min. Pd(PPh₃)₄ (96 mg) and a solution of potassium carbonate (347 mg) in 1.0 mL of water were added and the mixture was heated at 80° C. for 3 h. The mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and poured onto a solution of HCl 0.5 M, the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. The crude was redisolved in DCM and extracted with an aqueous solution of NaOH (0.5 M), the combined basic water phase was acidified to pH=2 with an aqueous solution of HCl (6N) and extracted with ethyl acetate three times. The combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate, filtrated and evaporated to give the title product as a beige solid.

LC-MS (Method A): t_(R) = 1.21 min, m/z = 539 [M-1], 541 [M+1].

b) Preparation of 2-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide

To a stirred solution of 2-chloro-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)-ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid (175 mg) in DMF (1.2 mL) were added HATU (164 mg), cyclopropylamine (24 mg), N,N.diisopropylethylamine (127 mg) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate and a saturated solution of ammonium chloride, the layers were separated and the organic phase was washed with brine, dried over magniesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica, cyclohexane / gradient of ethyl acetate) to afford the title compound as a white solid.

1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm: 0.60-0.70 (m, 2 H), 0.85-0.95 (m, 2H), 3.88-3.98 (m, 1H), 6.63 (brs, 1H), 7.48 (s, 1 H), 7.75 (s, 2 H), 7.77 (s, 1 H), 7.98 (s, 1 H).

¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm -181.6 (m, 1F), -74.5 (m, 6F).

LC-MS (Method A): t_(R) = 1.18 min, m/z = 571 [M+1].

Example 16 : Preparation of 2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide

a) Preparation of 2-azido-1,3-dichloro-5-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]benzene

To a stirred solution of con.HCI (80 mL) and H₂O (40 mL), 2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]aniline (5.00 g) was added followed by NaNO₂ (1.00 g) at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 10 min, ^(t)BuOH (40 mL) and NaN₃ (1.5 g) were added and the whole was stirred for 18 h. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with ethyl acetate (200 ml).The combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography (PE: EA=10:1) to afford the title compound (4 g) ¹H NMR (400 MHz, cdcl₃) δ 7.53 (s, 2H).

b) Preparation of ethyl 2-chloro-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxylate

To a stirred solution of THF (20 mL) and H₂O (10 mL), 2-azido-1,3-dichloro-5-[1 ,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]benzene (1.78 g) and ethyl 2-chloro-5-ethynyl-thiophene-3-carboxylate (1.07 g), C_(U)SO₄.5H₂O (100 mg), L-ascorbic acid sodium salt (198 mg) were added at room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 18 h at room temperature. The crude mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water and brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE/EA=4:1) to give title compound (1.54 g) ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.92 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s, 2H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 4.37 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.40 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 3H).

c) Preparation of 2-chloro-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid

To a solution of ethyl 2-chloro-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxylate (1.54 g) in EtOH (10 ml) was added NaOH (220 mg) and water (1 ml). The mixture was stirred for 2 h at room temperature and then acidified with 1 N HCl. The mixture was extracted with dichloromethane. The extract was dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated to afford title compound as a yellow solid.

d) Preparation of example 16: 2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamid

To a solution of 2-chloro-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid (100 mg) in 3 ml of DMF was added 1-aminocyclopropanecarbonitrile hydrochloride (50 mg), HATU (110 mg) and DIPEA (100 mg) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight and then poured into water (50 mL). The aqueous solution was then extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate (150 mL), the combined organic phases were washed twice with brine (200 mL) before being dried on magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel using PE/EA(4:1) as eluent to afford title compound (65 mg).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.32 (s, 1H), 9.04(s, 1H), 8.18 (s, 2H),7.71 (s, 1H), 1.56(s, 2H),1.26(s, 2H).

¹⁹F NMR (283 MHz, CDCl₃) δ -82.60(d, 6F,J = 7.2 Hz), -188.46 (s,1F).

Example 14 : Preparation of 2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide

To a solution of 2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide (60.0 mg) and Cs₂CO₃ (80 mg) in DMF (0.5 mL) was added iodoethane (60 mg) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 1 h, and then diluted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water and brine, dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated. The residue was further purified by column chromatography eluting with PE:EA=2:1 to give title product (30 mg).

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d⁶) δ9.04(s, 1H), 8.18 (s, 2H),7.62 (s, 1H), 3.42 (s, 2H) 1.65(s, 3H),1.43(s, 2H),1.21(s,2H).

¹⁹F NMR (283 MHz, CDCl₃) δ -82.55(d, 6F,J = 7.2 Hz), -188.39(s,1F).

Preparation of Intermediates

Preparation of 2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-(2-trimethylsilylethynyl)thiophene-3-carboxaide

To a solution of 5-bromo-2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide (1.49 g) in tetrahydrufurane (38.5 ml), under inert atmosphere, was addedN,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.952 g), then cuprous iodide (0.053 g), bis-triphenylphosphine palladium dichloride (0.197 g) and trimethylsilylacetylene (0.826 g).The reaction mixture was stirred for 18 hours at 20° C., at which time, LC-MS analysis showed that the starting material was consumed. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed three times with water, then with brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The crude product was purified by chromatography over silica gel, eluting with a mixture of ethyl acetate-cyclohexane. Evaporation of the selected fractions delivered the title compound.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz, δ in ppm): 7.50 (s, 1H), 6.46 (br. s, 1 H), 2.91 (m, 1H), 0.94-0.87 (m, 2H), 0.71-0.65 (m, 2H), 0.28 (s, 9H).

Preparation of 2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-ethynyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide

A solution of 2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-(2-trimethylsilylethynyl)thiophene-3-carboxamide (described above) (1.36 g) in tetrahydrufurane (47 ml), cooled at 0° C., under inert atmosphere, was treated dropwise with a solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride (1 M in tetrahydrofurane) (9.48 ml). After 20 minutes, LC-MS analysis showed the consumption of the starting material. The reaction was poured into water and the resulting mixture was extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine and dried over sodium sulfate. After removal of the solvent under reduced pressure, the crude product was submitted to chromatography over silica gel, eluting with a mixture of ethyl acetate and cyclohexane. Evaporation of the selected fractions delivered the title compound.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz, δ in ppm): 7.58 (s, 1H), 6.51 (br. s, 1 H), 3.57 (s, 1H), 2.92 (m, 1H), 0.96-0.85 (m, 2H), 0.75-0.62 (m, 2H).

Preparation of methyl 2-chloro-5-iodo-thiophene-3-carboxylate

To a solution of 1.7 g of methyl 2-chlorothiophene-3-carboxylate and 0.1 g of HClO₄ in 20 mL of CH₃CN was added 2.3 g of NIS. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 6 h then stirred at 50° C. for 24 h. Then the reaction mixture was poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate three times. The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under vacuum to give 2.2 g of the title compound.

¹HNMR (400 MHz, d₆-DMSO): δ (ppm) 7.55 (s, 1 H), 3.77 (s, 3 H).

Preparation of methyl 2-chloro-5-(2-trimethylsilylethynyl)thiophene-3-carboxylate

To a 5 mL dry solution of Et₃N solution was successively added 1.2 g of methyl 2-chloro-5-iodo-thiophene-3-carboxylate, 400 mg of ethynyl(trimethyl)silane, 28 mg of PdCl₂(PPh₃)₂ 38 mg of Cul under a N₂ atmosphere. The mixture was heated at 70° C. for 2 h. After cooling the mixture to room temperature, EtOAc was added and the suspension was filtered through a Celite pad. The filtrate was collected and evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (petroleum ether / ethyl acetate=2:1) to give 1.2 g of title compound.

¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ (ppm) 7.43 (s, 1H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 0.25 (s, 9H).

methyl 2-chloro-5-ethynyl-thiophene-3-carboxylate

To a solution of 1.3 g of methyl 2-chloro-5-(2-trimethylsilylethynyl)thiophene-3-carboxylate in 50 mL of THF (50 mL), 10 mL of tetrabutylammonium fluoride (1 M solution in THF) was added dropwise at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h. Then the reaction mixture was poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate three times. The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under vacuum to give 0.8 g of title product which was used without further purification.

Preparation of 2,5-dibromo-N-cyclopropyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide

A solution of 5-bromo-2-cyano-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid (2.0 g) in dichloromethane (34.97 ml) was treated with oxalyl chloride (1.77 g) and a catalytic amount of N,N-dimethylformamide at room temperature. After 1.5 hour, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (35 mL). This solution was slowly added to a solution of cyclopropylamine (815 mg) in tetrahydrofuran (35 mL) under stirring. After 1 hour, the reaction mixture was treated with an aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate and extracted twice with dichloromethan. The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate. The crude product was purified by chromatography over silica gel, eluting with a mixture of ethyl acetate-cyclohexane (2:8). Evaporation of the selected fractions left the title compound as a white powder.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz, δ in ppm): 0.58-0.68 (m, 2H), 0.80-0.92 (m, 2H), 2.82-2.91 (m, 1H), 6.5 (brs, 1H), 7.32 (s, 1H).

Preparation of 5-bromo-2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide

A solution of 5-bromo-2-cyano-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid (221 mg g) in dichloromethan (7.62 ml) was added 1-amino-1-cyclopropanecarbonitrile hydrochloride (124 mg), triethylamne (292 mg), HOAT (146 mg) and EDC hydrochloride (205 mg) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 17 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under vaccum and the residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel, eluting with a mixture of ethyl acetate-cyclohexane. Evaporation of the selected fractions left the title compound as a yellow solid.

¹H-NMR (DMSO, 400 MHz, δ in ppm): 1.28-1.32 (m, 2H), 1.58-1.62 (m, 2H), 7.8 (s, 1H), 9.5 (s, 1H).

The following compounds which have been characterized were prepared in analogy to Example 1, 2, 14 and 16.

TABLE 1 Examples of compounds of formula (I): Ex. Structure ¹H-NMR (400 MHz) ¹⁹F NMR 3

(CDCl₃) δ ppm: 1.42 -1.48 (m, 2H), 1.70-1.75 (m, 2H), 6.94 (brs, 1H), 7.63 (s, 1H), 7.78 (s, 2H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 8.08 (s, 1H) (377 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm -181.5 (m, 1F), -75.18 (m, 6F) 4

(CDCl₃) δ ppm: 1.38-1.43 (m, 2H), 1.58-1.62 (m, 2H), 7.02 (brs, 1H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.76 (s, 2H), 7.79 (s, 1H), 7.99 (s, 1H) (377 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm -181.6 (m, 1F), -75.2 (m, 6F) 5

(CDCl3) δ ppm 8.05 -7.99 (m, 1 H) 7.83 - 7.78 (m, 1 H) 7.59 - 7.53 (m, 1 H) 7.47 - 7.40 (m, 2 H) 6.58 - 6.49 (m, 1 H) 3.01 - 2.91 (m, 1 H) 2.16 (s, 6 H) 0.99 - 0.89 (m, 2 H) 0.77 - 0.68 (m, 2 H) (377 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm -75.43 (s, 6 F) -181.92 (s, 1 F) 6

(CDCl3) δ ppm 8.22 -8.15 (m, 1 H) 7.96 - 7.90 (m, 1 H) 7.88 - 7.81 (m, 2 H) 7.71 - 7.65 (m, 1 H) 7.53 -7.46 (m, 1 H) 7.11 - 7.01 (m, 1 H) 1.75 - (377 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm -75.44 (s, 6 F) -182.02 (s, 1 F) 1.66 (m, 2 H) 1.44 - 1.36 (m, 2 H) 7

(CDCl3) δ ppm 8.00 -7.97 (m, 1 H) 7.94 - 7.89 (m, 1 H) 7.82 - 7.76 (m, 2 H) 7.52 - 7.48 (m, 1 H) 7.09 - 7.03 (m, 1 H) 1.73 - 1.66 (m, 2 H) 1.44 -1.37 (m, 2 H) (377 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm -75.18 (s, 6 F) 182.02(s, 1 F) 8

(CDCl3) δ ppm 8.31 -8.27 (m, 1 H) 8.02 - 7.99 (m, 1 H) 7.86 - 7.81 (m, 2 H) 7.71 - 7.66 (m, 1 H) 7.59 - 7.56 (m, 1 H) 6.56 - 6.49 (m, 1 H) 2.99 -2.89 (m, 1 H) 0.97 - 0.90 (m, 2 H) 0.75 - 0.67 (m, 2 H) (377 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm -75.43 (s, 6 F) -181.86(s, 1 F) 9

(CDCl3) δ ppm 8.08 -8.05 (m, 1 H) 7.92 - 7.88 (m, 2 H) 7.81 -7.77 (m, 1 H) 7.60 - 7.56 (m, 1 H) 6.59 -6.52 (m, 1 H) 2.98 - 2.91 (m, 1 H) 0.97 -0.89 (m, 2 H) 0.75 - 0.68 (m, 2 H) (377 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm -75.18 (s, 6 F) -181.54(s, 1 F) 10

(CDCl3) δ ppm 7.95 -7.88 (m, 1 H) 7.71 - 7.65 (m, 1 H) 7.48 -7.45 (m, 1 H) 7.45 - 7.39 (m, 2 H) 7.10 - 7.03 (m, 1 H) 2.16 (s, 6 H) 1.73 - 1.67 (m, 2 H) 1.44 1.36 (m, 2 H) (377 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm -75.45 (s, 6 F) -182.22(s, 1 F) 11

(DMSO-D6) δ ppm 9.24 (s, 1H), 8.22 (s, 2H), 7.92 (s, 1H), 3.53 (s, 2H), 2.94 (s, 1H), 1.22 (s, 3H), 0.69 (s, 2H), 0.58 (s, 2H). (283 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm -82.80 (d, 6F,J = 7.2 Hz), -188.64 (s,1F) 12

(DMSO-D6) δ ppm 9.23 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 2H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 3.03 (s, 3H), 2.94 (s, 1H), 0.66 (s, 2H), 0.58 (s, 2H). (283 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm -82.80 (d, 6F, J = 7.2 Hz), -188.61 (s, 1F). 13

(DMSO-D6) δ ppm 9.21 (s, 1H), 8.80 (s, 1H), 8.22 (s, 2H), 8.04 (s, 1H), 2.87 (s, 1H), 0.75 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 2H), 0.60 (s, 2H). (283 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm -82.61 (d, 6F, J = 7.2 Hz), -188.44 (s, 1F). 15

(DMSO-D6) δ ppm 9.03(s, 1H), 8.17 (s, 2H), 7.59 (s, 1H), 3.02 (s, 3H) 1.42(s, 2H), 1.21 (s, 2H). (283 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm -82.60(d, 6F, J = 7.2 Hz), -188.45 (s, 1F). 17

(DMSO-D6) δ ppm 9.03 (s, 1H), 8.44(s, 1H), 8.18 (s, 2H),7.63 (s, 1H),2.80 (s, 1H), 0.67-0.69(d, J = 6.7 Hz, 2H),0.53 (s, 2H) (283 MHz, CDCl₃) δ ppm -82.47(d, 6F,J = 7.2 Hz), -188.33 (s,1F).

Formulation examples (% = percent by weight) Example F1: Emulsion concentrates a) b) c) Active ingredient 25% 40% 50% Calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 5% 8% 6% Castor oil polyethylene glycol ether (36 mol of EO) 5% - - Tributylphenoxypolyethylene glycol ether (30 mol of EO) - 12% 4% Cyclohexanone - 15% 20 % Xylene mixture 65% 25 % 20 % Emulsions of any desired concentration can be prepared from such concentrates by dilution with water.

Example F2: Solutions a) b) c) d) Active ingredient 80% 10% 5% 95% Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether 20% - - - Polyethylene glycol MW 400 - 70% - - N-Methylpyrrolid-2-one - 20% - - Epoxidized coconut oil - - 1% 5% Petroleum ether (boiling range: 160-190°) - - 94% - The solutions are suitable for use in the form of microdrops.

Example F3: Granules a) b) c) d) Active ingredient 5% 10% 8% 21% Kaolin 94% - 79% 54% Highly disperse silica 1% - 13% 7% Attapulgite - 90% - 18% The active ingredient is dissolved in dichloromethane, the solution is sprayed onto the carrier(s), and the solvent is subsequently evaporated in vacuo.

Example F4: Dusts a) b) Active ingredient 2% 5% Highly disperse silica 1% 5% Talc 97% - Kaolin - 90% Ready-to-use dusts are obtained by intimately mixing the carriers and the active ingredient.

Example F5: Wettable powders a) b) c) Active ingredient 25 % 50% 75% Sodium lignosulfonate 5% 5% - Sodium lauryl sulfate 3% - 5% Sodium diisobutyl-naphthalenesulfonate - 6% 10% Octylphenoxypolyethylene glycol ether (7-8 mol of EO) - 2% - Highly disperse silica 5% 10% 10% Kaolin 62% 27% - The active ingredient is mixed with the additives and the mixture is ground thoroughly in a suitable mill. This gives wettable powders, which can be diluted with water to give suspensions of any desired concentration

Example F6: Extruder qranules Active ingredient 10% Sodium lignosulfonate 2% Carboxymethylcellulose 1% Kaolin 87% The active ingredient is mixed with the additives, and the mixture is ground, moistened with water, extruded, granulated and dried in a stream of air.

Example F7: Coated qranules Active ingredient 3% Polyethylene glycol (MW 200) 3% Kaolin 94% In a mixer, the finely ground active ingredient is applied uniformLy to the kaolin, which has been moistened with the polyethylene glycol. This gives dust-free coated granules.

Example F8: Suspension concentrate Active ingredient 40% Ethylene glycol 10% Nonylphenoxypolyethylene glycol ether (15 mol of EO) 6% Sodium lignosulfonate 10% Carboxymethylcellulose 1% 37% aqueous formaldehyde solution 0.2% Silicone oil (75% aqueous emulsion) 0.8% Water 32% The finely ground active ingredient is mixed intimately with the additives. Suspensions of any desired concentration can be prepared from the thus resulting suspension concentrate by dilution with water.

Example F9: Powders for dry seed treatment a) b) c) active ingredient 25% 50% 75% light mineral oil 5% 5% 5% highly dispersed silicic acid 5% 5% - Kaolin 65% 40% - Talcum - - 20% The combination is thoroughly mixed with the adjuvants and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill, affording powders that can be used directly for seed treatment.

Example F10: Emulsifiable concentrate active ingredient 10% octylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (4-5 mol of ethylene oxide) 3% calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 3% castor oil polyglycol ether (35 mol of ethylene oxide) 4% Cyclohexanone 30% xylene mixture 50% Emulsions of any required dilution, which can be used in plant protection, can be obtained from this concentrate by dilution with water.

Example F11: Flowable concentrate for seed treatment active ingredients 40% propylene glycol 5% copolymer butanol PO/EO 2% Tristyrenephenole with 10-20 moles EO 2% 1 ,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (in the form of a 20% solution in water) 0.5% monoazo-pigment calcium salt 5% Silicone oil (in the form of a 75% emulsion in water) 0.2% Water 45.3%

The finely ground combination is intimately mixed with the adjuvants, giving a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired dilution can be obtained by dilution with water. Using such dilutions, living plants as well as plant propagation material can be treated and protected against infestation by microorganisms, by spraying, pouring or immersion.

The activity of the compositions according to the invention can be broadened considerably, and adapted to prevailing circumstances, by adding other insecticidally, acaricidally and/or fungicidally active ingredients. The mixtures of the compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 with other insecticidally, acaricidally and/or fungicidally active ingredients may also have further surprising advantages which can also be described, in a wider sense, as synergistic activity. For example, better tolerance by plants, reduced phytotoxicity, insects can be controlled in their different development stages or better behaviour during their production, for example during grinding or mixing, during their storage or during their use.

Suitable additions to active ingredients here are, for example, representatives of the following classes of active ingredients: organophosphorus compounds, nitrophenol derivatives, thioureas, juvenile hormones, formamidines, benzophenone derivatives, ureas, pyrrole derivatives, carbamates, pyrethroids, chlorinated hydrocarbons, acylureas, pyridylmethyleneamino derivatives, macrolides, neonicotinoids and Bacillus thuringiensis preparations.

The following mixtures of the compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 with active ingredients are preferred (the abbreviation “TX” means “one compound selected from the compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12, preferably one compound from embodiment 12):

an adjuvant selected from the group of substances consisting of petroleum oils (alternative name) (628) + TX,

-   an acaricide selected from the group of substances consisting of     1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-ethoxyethanol (IUPAC name) (910) + TX,     2,4-dichlorophenyl benzenesulfonate (IUPAC/Chemical Abstracts     name) (1059) + TX, 2-fluoro-N-methyl-N-1-naphthylacetamide (IUPAC     name) (1295) + TX, 4-chlorophenyl phenyl sulfone (IUPAC     name) (981) + TX, abamectin (1) + TX, acequinocyl (3) + TX,     acetoprole [CCN] + TX, acrinathrin (9) + TX, aldicarb (16) + TX,     aldoxycarb (863) + TX, alpha-cypermethrin (202) + TX,     amidithion (870) + TX, amidoflumet [CCN] + TX, amidothioate (872) +     TX, amiton (875) + TX, amiton hydrogen oxalate (875) + TX,     amitraz (24) + TX, aramite (881) + TX, arsenous oxide (882) + TX,     AVI 382 (compound code) + TX, AZ 60541 (compound code) + TX,     azinphos-ethyl (44) + TX, azinphos-methyl (45) + TX, azobenzene     (IUPAC name) (888) + TX, azocyclotin (46) + TX, azothoate (889) +     TX, benomyl (62) + TX, benoxafos (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     benzoximate (71) + TX, benzyl benzoate (IUPAC name) [CCN] + TX,     bifenazate (74) + TX, bifenthrin (76) + TX, binapacryl (907) + TX,     brofenvalerate (alternative name) + TX, bromocyclen (918) + TX,     bromophos (920) + TX, bromophos-ethyl (921) + TX,     bromopropylate (94) + TX, buprofezin (99) + TX, butocarboxim (103) +     TX, butoxycarboxim (104) + TX, butylpyridaben (alternative name) +     TX, calcium polysulfide (IUPAC name) (111) + TX, camphechlor (941) +     TX, carbanolate (943) + TX, carbaryl (115) + TX, carbofuran (118) +     TX, carbophenothion (947) + TX, CGA 50′439 (development     code) (125) + TX, chinomethionat (126) + TX, chlorbenside (959) +     TX, chlordimeform (964) + TX, chlordimeform hydrochloride (964) +     TX, chlorfenapyr (130) + TX, chlorfenethol (968) + TX,     chlorfenson (970) + TX, chlorfensulfide (971) + TX,     chlorfenvinphos (131) + TX, chlorobenzilate (975) + TX,     chloromebuform (977) + TX, chloromethiuron (978) + TX,     chloropropylate (983) + TX, chlorpyrifos (145) + TX,     chlorpyrifos-methyl (146) + TX, chlorthiophos (994) + TX, cinerin     I (696) + TX, cinerin II (696) + TX, cinerins (696) + TX,     clofentezine (158) + TX, closantel (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     coumaphos (174) + TX, crotamiton (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     crotoxyphos (1010) + TX, cufraneb (1013) + TX, cyanthoate (1020) +     TX, cyflumetofen (CAS Reg. No.: 400882-07-7) + TX,     cyhalothrin (196) + TX, cyhexatin (199) + TX, cypermethrin (201) +     TX, DCPM (1032) + TX, DDT (219) + TX, demephion (1037) + TX,     demephion-O (1037) + TX, demephion-S (1037) + TX, demeton (1038) +     TX, demeton-methyl (224) + TX, demeton-O (1038) + TX,     demeton-O-methyl (224) + TX, demeton-S (1038) + TX,     demeton-S-methyl (224) + TX, demeton-S-methylsulfon (1039) + TX,     diafenthiuron (226) + TX, dialifos (1042) + TX, diazinon (227) + TX,     dichlofluanid (230) + TX, dichlorvos (236) + TX, dicliphos     (alternative name) + TX, dicofol (242) + TX, dicrotophos (243) + TX,     dienochlor (1071) + TX, dimefox (1081) + TX, dimethoate (262) + TX,     dinactin (alternative name) (653) + TX, dinex (1089) + TX,     dinex-diclexine (1089) + TX, dinobuton (269) + TX, dinocap (270) +     TX, dinocap-4 [CCN] + TX, dinocap-6 [CCN] + TX, dinocton (1090) +     TX, dinopenton (1092) + TX, dinosulfon (1097) + TX,     dinoterbon (1098) + TX, dioxathion (1102) + TX, diphenyl sulfone     (IUPAC name) (1103) + TX, disulfiram (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     disulfoton (278) + TX, DNOC (282) + TX, dofenapyn (1113) + TX,     doramectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, endosulfan (294) + TX,     endothion (1121) + TX, EPN (297) + TX, eprinomectin (alternative     name) [CCN] + TX, ethion (309) + TX, ethoate-methyl (1134) + TX,     etoxazole (320) + TX, etrimfos (1142) + TX, fenazaflor (1147) + TX,     fenazaquin (328) + TX, fenbutatin oxide (330) + TX,     fenothiocarb (337) + TX, fenpropathrin (342) + TX, fenpyrad     (alternative name) + TX, fenpyroximate (345) + TX, fenson (1157) +     TX, fentrifanil (1161) + TX, fenvalerate (349) + TX,     fipronil (354) + TX, fluacrypyrim (360) + TX, fluazuron (1166) + TX,     flubenzimine (1167) + TX, flucycloxuron (366) + TX,     flucythrinate (367) + TX, fluenetil (1169) + TX,     flufenoxuron (370) + TX, flumethrin (372) + TX,     fluorbenside (1174) + TX, fluvalinate (1184) + TX, FMC 1137     (development code) (1185) + TX, formetanate (405) + TX, formetanate     hydrochloride (405) + TX, formothion (1192) + TX,     formparanate (1193) + TX, gamma-HCH (430) + TX, glyodin (1205) + TX,     halfenprox (424) + TX, heptenophos (432) + TX, hexadecyl     cyclopropanecarboxylate (IUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1216) + TX,     hexythiazox (441) + TX, iodomethane (IUPAC name) (542) + TX,     isocarbophos (alternative name) (473) + TX, isopropyl     O-(methoxyaminothiophosphoryl)salicylate (IUPAC name) (473) + TX,     ivermectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, jasmolin I (696) + TX,     jasmolin II (696) + TX, jodfenphos (1248) + TX, lindane (430) + TX,     lufenuron (490) + TX, malathion (492) + TX, malonoben (1254) + TX,     mecarbam (502) + TX, mephosfolan (1261) + TX, mesulfen (alternative     name) [CCN] + TX, methacrifos (1266) + TX, methamidophos (527) + TX,     methidathion (529) + TX, methiocarb (530) + TX, methomyl (531) + TX,     methyl bromide (537) + TX, metolcarb (550) + TX, mevinphos (556) +     TX, mexacarbate (1290) + TX, milbemectin (557) + TX, milbemycin     oxime (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, mipafox (1293) + TX,     monocrotophos (561) + TX, morphothion (1300) + TX, moxidectin     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, naled (567) + TX, NC-184 (compound     code) + TX, NC-512 (compound code) + TX, nifluridide (1309) + TX,     nikkomycins (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, nitrilacarb (1313) + TX,     nitrilacarb 1:1 zinc chloride complex (1313) + TX, NNI-0101     (compound code) + TX, NNI-0250 (compound code) + TX,     omethoate (594) + TX, oxamyl (602) + TX, oxydeprofos (1324) + TX,     oxydisulfoton (1325) + TX, pp′-DDT (219) + TX, parathion (615) + TX,     permethrin (626) + TX, petroleum oils (alternative name) (628) + TX,     phenkapton (1330) + TX, phenthoate (631) + TX, phorate (636) + TX,     phosalone (637) + TX, phosfolan (1338) + TX, phosmet (638) + TX,     phosphamidon (639) + TX, phoxim (642) + TX,     pirimiphos-methyl (652) + TX, polychloroterpenes (traditional     name) (1347) + TX, polynactins (alternative name) (653) + TX,     proclonol (1350) + TX, profenofos (662) + TX, promacyl (1354) + TX,     propargite (671) + TX, propetamphos (673) + TX, propoxur (678) + TX,     prothidathion (1360) + TX, prothoate (1362) + TX, pyrethrin     I (696) + TX, pyrethrin II (696) + TX, pyrethrins (696) + TX,     pyridaben (699) + TX, pyridaphenthion (701) + TX,     pyrimidifen (706) + TX, pyrimitate (1370) + TX, quinalphos (711) +     TX, quintiofos (1381) + TX, R-1492 (development code) (1382) + TX,     RA-17 (development code) (1383) + TX, rotenone (722) + TX,     schradan (1389) + TX, sebufos (alternative name) + TX, selamectin     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, SI-0009 (compound code) + TX,     sophamide (1402) + TX, spirodiclofen (738) + TX,     spiromesifen (739) + TX, SSI-121 (development code) (1404) + TX,     sulfiram (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, sulfluramid (750) + TX,     sulfotep (753) + TX, sulfur (754) + TX, SZI-121 (development     code) (757) + TX, tau-fluvalinate (398) + TX, tebufenpyrad (763) +     TX, TEPP (1417) + TX, terbam (alternative name) + TX,     tetrachlorvinphos (777) + TX, tetradifon (786) + TX, tetranactin     (alternative name) (653) + TX, tetrasul (1425) + TX, thiafenox     (alternative name) + TX, thiocarboxime (1431) + TX,     thiofanox (800) + TX, thiometon (801) + TX, thioquinox (1436) + TX,     thuringiensin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, triamiphos (1441) + TX,     triarathene (1443) + TX, triazophos (820) + TX, triazuron     (alternative name) + TX, trichlorfon (824) + TX, trifenofos (1455) +     TX, trinactin (alternative name) (653) + TX, vamidothion (847) + TX,     vaniliprole [CCN] and Yl-5302 (compound code) + TX, -   an algicide selected from the group of substances consisting of     bethoxazin [CCN] + TX, copper dioctanoate (IUPAC name) (170) + TX,     copper sulfate (172) + TX, cybutryne [CCN] + TX, dichlone (1052) +     TX, dichlorophen (232) + TX, endothal (295) + TX, fentin (347) + TX,     hydrated lime [CCN] + TX, nabam (566) + TX, quinoclamine (714) + TX,     quinonamid (1379) + TX, simazine (730) + TX, triphenyltin acetate     (IUPAC name) (347) and triphenyltin hydroxide (IUPAC name) (347) +     TX, -   an anthelmintic selected from the group of substances consisting of     abamectin (1) + TX, crufomate (1011) + TX, doramectin (alternative     name) [CCN] + TX, emamectin (291) + TX, emamectin benzoate (291) +     TX, eprinomectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, ivermectin     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, milbemycin oxime (alternative name)     [CCN] + TX, moxidectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, piperazine     [CCN] + TX, selamectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, spinosad (737)     and thiophanate (1435) + TX, -   an avicide selected from the group of substances consisting of     chloralose (127) + TX, endrin (1122) + TX, fenthion (346) + TX,     pyridin-4-amine (IUPAC name) (23) and strychnine (745) + TX, -   a bactericide selected from the group of substances consisting of     1-hydroxy-1H-pyridine-2-thione (IUPAC name) (1222) + TX,     4-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide (IUPAC name) (748) + TX,     8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate (446) + TX, bronopol (97) + TX, copper     dioctanoate (IUPAC name) (170) + TX, copper hydroxide (IUPAC     name) (169) + TX, cresol [CCN] + TX, dichlorophen (232) + TX,     dipyrithione (1105) + TX, dodicin (1112) + TX, fenaminosulf (1144) +     TX, formaldehyde (404) + TX, hydrargaphen (alternative name) [CCN] +     TX, kasugamycin (483) + TX, kasugamycin hydrochloride     hydrate (483) + TX, nickel bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate) (IUPAC     name) (1308) + TX, nitrapyrin (580) + TX, octhilinone (590) + TX,     oxolinic acid (606) + TX, oxytetracycline (611) + TX, potassium     hydroxyquinoline sulfate (446) + TX, probenazole (658) + TX,     streptomycin (744) + TX, streptomycin sesquisulfate (744) + TX,     tecloftalam (766) + TX, and thiomersal (alternative name) [CCN] +     TX, -   a biological agent selected from the group of substances consisting     of Adoxophyes orana GV (alternative name) (12) + TX, Agrobacterium     radiobacter (alternative name) (13) + TX, Amblyseius spp.     (alternative name) (19) + TX, Anagrapha falcifera NPV (alternative     name) (28) + TX, Anagrus atomus (alternative name) (29) + TX,     Aphelinus abdominalis (alternative name) (33) + TX, Aphidius     colemani (alternative name) (34) + TX, Aphidoletes aphidimyza     (alternative name) (35) + TX, Autographa californica NPV     (alternative name) (38) + TX, Bacillus firmus (alternative     name) (48) + TX, Bacillus sphaericus Neide (scientific name) (49) +     TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (scientific name) (51) + TX,     Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai (scientific name) (51) + TX,     Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.israelensis (scientific name) (51) +     TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.japonensis (scientific name) (51) +     TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.kurstaki (scientific name) (51) +     TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.tenebrionis (scientific     name) (51) + TX, Beauveria bassiana (alternative name) (53) + TX,     Beauveria brongniartii (alternative name) (54) + TX, Chrysoperla     carnea (alternative name) (151) + TX, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri     (alternative name) (178) + TX, Cydia pomonella GV (alternative     name) (191) + TX, Dacnusa sibirica (alternative name) (212) + TX,     Diglyphus isaea (alternative name) (254) + TX, Encarsia formosa     (scientific name) (293) + TX, Eretmocerus eremicus (alternative     name) (300) + TX, Helicoverpa zea NPV (alternative name) (431) + TX,     Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and H. megidis (alternative     name) (433) + TX, Hippodamia convergens (alternative name) (442) +     TX, Leptomastix dactylopii (alternative name) (488) + TX,     Macrolophus caliginosus (alternative name) (491) + TX, Mamestra     brassicae NPV (alternative name) (494) + TX, Metaphycus helvolus     (alternative name) (522) + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum     (scientific name) (523) + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae     (scientific name) (523) + TX, Neodiprion sertifer NPV and N.     lecontei NPV (alternative name) (575) + TX, Orius spp. (alternative     name) (596) + TX, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (alternative     name) (613) + TX, Phytoseiulus persimilis (alternative name) (644) +     TX, Spodoptera exigua multicapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus     (scientific name) (741) + TX, Steinernema bibionis (alternative     name) (742) + TX, Steinernema carpocapsae (alternative name) (742) +     TX, Steinernema feltiae (alternative name) (742) + TX, Steinernema     glaseri (alternative name) (742) + TX, Steinernema riobrave     (alternative name) (742) + TX, Steinernema riobravis (alternative     name) (742) + TX, Steinernema scapterisci (alternative name) (742) +     TX, Steinernema spp. (alternative name) (742) + TX, Trichogramma     spp. (alternative name) (826) + TX, Typhlodromus occidentalis     (alternative name) (844) and Verticillium lecanii (alternative     name) (848) + TX, -   a soil sterilant selected from the group of substances consisting of     iodomethane (IUPAC name) (542) and methyl bromide (537) + TX, -   a chemosterilant selected from the group of substances consisting of     apholate [CCN] + TX, bisazir (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, busulfan     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, diflubenzuron (250) + TX, dimatif     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, hemel [CCN] + TX, hempa [CCN] + TX,     metepa [CCN] + TX, methiotepa [CCN] + TX, methyl apholate [CCN] +     TX, morzid [CCN] + TX, penfluron (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, tepa     [CCN] + TX, thiohempa (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, thiotepa     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, tretamine (alternative name) [CCN]     and uredepa (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, -   an insect pheromone selected from the group of substances consisting     of (E)-dec-5-en-1-yl acetate with (E)-dec-5-en-1-ol (IUPAC     name) (222) + TX, (E)-tridec-4-en-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (829) +     TX, (E)-6-methylhept-2-en-4-ol (IUPAC name) (541) + TX,     (E,Z)-tetradeca-4,10-dien-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (779) + TX,     (Z)-dodec-7-en-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (285) + TX,     (Z)-hexadec-11-enal (IUPAC name) (436) + TX, (Z)-hexadec-11-en-1-yl     acetate (IUPAC name) (437) + TX, (Z)-hexadec-13-en-11-yn-1-yl     acetate (IUPAC name) (438) + TX, (Z)-icos-13-en-10-one (IUPAC     name) (448) + TX, (Z)-tetradec-7-en-1-al (IUPAC name) (782) + TX,     (Z)-tetradec-9-en-1-ol (IUPAC name) (783) + TX,     (Z)-tetradec-9-en-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (784) + TX,     (7E,9Z)-dodeca-7,9-dien-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (283) + TX,     (9Z,11E)-tetradeca-9,11-dien-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (780) + TX,     (9Z,12E)-tetradeca-9,12-dien-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (781) + TX,     14-methyloctadec-1-ene (IUPAC name) (545) + TX,     4-methylnonan-5-olwith 4-methylnonan-5-one (IUPAC name) (544) + TX,     alpha-multistriatin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, brevicomin     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, codlelure (alternative name) [CCN] +     TX, codlemone (alternative name) (167) + TX, cuelure (alternative     name) (179) + TX, disparlure (277) + TX, dodec-8-en-1-yl acetate     (IUPAC name) (286) + TX, dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate (IUPAC     name) (287) + TX, dodeca-8 + TX, 10-dien-1-yl acetate (IUPAC     name) (284) + TX, dominicalure (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, ethyl     4-methyloctanoate (IUPAC name) (317) + TX, eugenol (alternative     name) [CCN] + TX, frontalin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     gossyplure (alternative name) (420) + TX, grandlure (421) + TX,     grandlure I (alternative name) (421) + TX, grandlure II (alternative     name) (421) + TX, grandlure III (alternative name) (421) + TX,     grandlure IV (alternative name) (421) + TX, hexalure [CCN] + TX,     ipsdienol (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, ipsenol (alternative name)     [CCN] + TX, japonilure (alternative name) (481) + TX, lineatin     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, litlure (alternative name) [CCN] +     TX, looplure (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, medlure [CCN] + TX,     megatomoic acid (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, methyl eugenol     (alternative name) (540) + TX, muscalure (563) + TX,     octadeca-,13-dien-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (588) + TX,     octadeca-3,13-dien-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (589) + TX, orfralure     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, oryctalure (alternative name) (317) +     TX, ostramone (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, siglure [CCN] + TX,     sordidin (alternative name) (736) + TX, sulcatol (alternative name)     [CCN] + TX, tetradec-11-en-1-yl acetate (IUPAC name) (785) + TX,     trimedlure (839) + TX, trimedlure A (alternative name) (839) + TX,     trimedlure B₁ (alternative name) (839) + TX, trimedlure B₂     (alternative name) (839) + TX, trimedlure C (alternative name) (839)     and trunc-call (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, -   an insect repellent selected from the group of substances consisting     of 2-(octylthio)ethanol (IUPAC name) (591) + TX,     butopyronoxyl (933) + TX, butoxy(polypropylene glycol) (936) + TX,     dibutyl adipate (IUPAC name) (1046) + TX, dibutyl phthalate (1047) +     TX, dibutyl succinate (IUPAC name) (1048) + TX, diethyltoluamide     [CCN] + TX, dimethyl carbate [CCN] + TX, dimethyl phthalate [CCN] +     TX, ethyl hexanediol (1137) + TX, hexamide [CCN] + TX,     methoquin-butyl (1276) + TX, methylneodecanamide [CCN] + TX, oxamate     [CCN] and picaridin [CCN] + TX, -   an insecticide selected from the group of substances consisting of     1-dichloro-1-nitroethane (IUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1058) +     TX, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-ethylphenyl)ethane (IUPAC name) (1056), +     TX, 1,2-dichloropropane (IUPAC/ChemicalAbstracts name) (1062) + TX,     1,2-dichloropropane with 1,3-dichloropropene (IUPAC name) (1063) +     TX, 1-bromo-2-chloroethane (IUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (916) +     TX, 2,2,2-trichloro-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl acetate (IUPAC     name) (1451) + TX, 2,2-dichlorovinyl 2-ethylsulfinylethyl methyl     phosphate (IUPAC name) (1066) + TX, 2-(1,3-dithiolan-2-yl)phenyl     dimethylcarbamate (IUPAC/ Chemical Abstracts name) (1109) + TX,     2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl thiocyanate (IUPAC/ChemicalAbstracts     name) (935) + TX, 2-(4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenyl     methylcarbamate (IUPAC/ Chemical Abstracts name) (1084) + TX,     2-(4-chloro-3,5-xylyloxy)ethanol (IUPAC name) (986) + TX,     2-chlorovinyl diethyl phosphate (IUPAC name) (984) + TX,     2-imidazolidone (IUPAC name) (1225) + TX,     2-isovalerylindan-1,3-dione (IUPAC name) (1246) + TX,     2-methyl(prop-2-ynyl)aminophenyl methylcarbamate (IUPAC     name) (1284) + TX, 2-thiocyanatoethyl laurate (IUPAC name) (1433) +     TX, 3-bromo-1-chloroprop-1-ene (IUPAC name) (917) + TX,     3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazol-5-yl dimethylcarbamate (IUPAC     name) (1283) + TX, 4-methyl(prop-2-ynyl)amino-3,5-xylyl     methylcarbamate (IUPAC name) (1285) + TX,     5,5-dimethyl-3-oxocyclohex-1-enyl dimethylcarbamate (IUPAC     name) (1085) + TX, abamectin (1) + TX, acephate (2) + TX,     acetamiprid (4) + TX, acethion (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     acetoprole [CCN] + TX, acrinathrin (9) + TX, acrylonitrile (IUPAC     name) (861) + TX, alanycarb (15) + TX, aldicarb (16) + TX,     aldoxycarb (863) + TX, aldrin (864) + TX, allethrin (17) + TX,     allosamidin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, allyxycarb (866) + TX,     alpha-cypermethrin (202) + TX, alpha-ecdysone (alternative name)     [CCN] + TX, aluminium phosphide (640) + TX, amidithion (870) + TX,     amidothioate (872) + TX, aminocarb (873) + TX, amiton (875) + TX,     amiton hydrogen oxalate (875) + TX, amitraz (24) + TX,     anabasine (877) + TX, athidathion (883) + TX, AVI 382 (compound     code) + TX, AZ 60541 (compound code) + TX, azadirachtin (alternative     name) (41) + TX, azamethiphos (42) + TX, azinphos-ethyl (44) + TX,     azinphos-methyl (45) + TX, azothoate (889) + TX, Bacillus     thuringiensis delta endotoxins (alternative name) (52) + TX, barium     hexafluorosilicate (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, barium polysulfide     (IUPAC/ChemicalAbstracts name) (892) + TX, barthrin [CCN] + TX,     Bayer 22/190 (development code) (893) + TX, Bayer 22408 (development     code) (894) + TX, bendiocarb (58) + TX, benfuracarb (60) + TX,     bensultap (66) + TX, beta-cyfluthrin (194) + TX,     beta-cypermethrin (203) + TX, bifenthrin (76) + TX,     bioallethrin (78) + TX, bioallethrin S-cyclopentenyl isomer     (alternative name) (79) + TX, bioethanomethrin [CCN] + TX,     biopermethrin (908) + TX, bioresmethrin (80) + TX,     bis(2-chloroethyl) ether (IUPAC name) (909) + TX,     bistrifluron (83) + TX, borax (86) + TX, brofenvalerate (alternative     name) + TX, bromfenvinfos (914) + TX, bromocyclen (918) + TX,     bromo-DDT (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, bromophos (920) + TX,     bromophos-ethyl (921) + TX, bufencarb (924) + TX, buprofezin (99) +     TX, butacarb (926) + TX, butathiofos (927) + TX,     butocarboxim (103) + TX, butonate (932) + TX, butoxycarboxim (104) +     TX, butylpyridaben (alternative name) + TX, cadusafos (109) + TX,     calcium arsenate [CCN] + TX, calcium cyanide (444) + TX, calcium     polysulfide (IUPAC name) (111) + TX, camphechlor (941) + TX,     carbanolate (943) + TX, carbaryl (115) + TX, carbofuran (118) + TX,     carbon disulfide (IUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (945) + TX, carbon     tetrachloride (IUPAC name) (946) + TX, carbophenothion (947) + TX,     carbosulfan (119) + TX, cartap (123) + TX, cartap     hydrochloride (123) + TX, cevadine (alternative name) (725) + TX,     chlorbicyclen (960) + TX, chlordane (128) + TX, chlordecone (963) +     TX, chlordimeform (964) + TX, chlordimeform hydrochloride (964) +     TX, chlorethoxyfos (129) + TX, chlorfenapyr (130) + TX,     chlorfenvinphos (131) + TX, chlorfluazuron (132) + TX,     chlormephos (136) + TX, chloroform [CCN] + TX, chloropicrin (141) +     TX, chlorphoxim (989) + TX, chlorprazophos (990) + TX,     chlorpyrifos (145) + TX, chlorpyrifos-methyl (146) + TX,     chlorthiophos (994) + TX, chromafenozide (150) + TX, cinerin     I (696) + TX, cinerin II (696) + TX, cinerins (696) + TX,     cis-resmethrin (alternative name) + TX, cismethrin (80) + TX,     clocythrin (alternative name) + TX, cloethocarb (999) + TX,     closantel (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, clothianidin (165) + TX,     copper acetoarsenite [CCN] + TX, copper arsenate [CCN] + TX, copper     oleate [CCN] + TX, coumaphos (174) + TX, coumithoate (1006) + TX,     crotamiton (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, crotoxyphos (1010) + TX,     crufomate (1011) + TX, cryolite (alternative name) (177) + TX, CS     708 (development code) (1012) + TX, cyanofenphos (1019) + TX,     cyanophos (184) + TX, cyanthoate (1020) + TX, cyclethrin [CCN] + TX,     cycloprothrin (188) + TX, cyfluthrin (193) + TX, cyhalothrin (196) +     TX, cypermethrin (201) + TX, cyphenothrin (206) + TX,     cyromazine (209) + TX, cythioate (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     d-limonene (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, d-tetramethrin     (alternative name) (788) + TX, DAEP (1031) + TX, dazomet (216) + TX,     DDT(219) + TX, decarbofuran (1034) + TX, deltamethrin (223) + TX,     demephion (1037) + TX, demephion-O (1037) + TX, demephion-S (1037) +     TX, demeton (1038) + TX, demeton-methyl (224) + TX,     demeton-O (1038) + TX, demeton-O-methyl (224) + TX,     demeton-S (1038) + TX, demeton-S-methyl (224) + TX,     demeton-S-methylsulphon (1039) + TX, diafenthiuron (226) + TX,     dialifos (1042) + TX, diamidafos (1044) + TX, diazinon (227) + TX,     dicapthon (1050) + TX, dichlofenthion (1051) + TX,     dichlorvos (236) + TX, dicliphos (alternative name) + TX, dicresyl     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, dicrotophos (243) + TX,     dicyclanil (244) + TX, dieldrin (1070) + TX, diethyl     5-methylpyrazol-3-yl phosphate (IUPAC name) (1076) + TX,     diflubenzuron (250) + TX, dilor (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     dimefluthrin [CCN] + TX, dimefox (1081) + TX, dimetan (1085) + TX,     dimethoate (262) + TX, dimethrin (1083) + TX,     dimethylvinphos (265) + TX, dimetilan (1086) + TX, dinex (1089) +     TX, dinex-diclexine (1089) + TX, dinoprop (1093) + TX,     dinosam (1094) + TX, dinoseb (1095) + TX, dinotefuran (271) + TX,     diofenolan (1099) + TX, dioxabenzofos (1100) + TX,     dioxacarb (1101) + TX, dioxathion (1102) + TX, disulfoton (278) +     TX, dithicrofos (1108) + TX, DNOC (282) + TX, doramectin     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, DSP (1115) + TX, ecdysterone     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, El 1642 (development code) (1118) +     TX, emamectin (291) + TX, emamectin benzoate (291) + TX,     EMPC (1120) + TX, empenthrin (292) + TX, endosulfan (294) + TX,     endothion (1121) + TX, endrin (1122) + TX, EPBP (1123) + TX,     EPN (297) + TX, epofenonane (1124) + TX, eprinomectin (alternative     name) [CCN] + TX, esfenvalerate (302) + TX, etaphos (alternative     name) [CCN] + TX, ethiofencarb (308) + TX, ethion (309) + TX,     ethiprole (310) + TX, ethoate-methyl (1134) + TX,     ethoprophos (312) + TX, ethyl formate (IUPAC name) [CCN] + TX,     ethyl-DDD (alternative name) (1056) + TX, ethylene dibromide (316) +     TX, ethylene dichloride (chemical name) (1136) + TX, ethylene oxide     [CCN] + TX, etofenprox (319) + TX, etrimfos (1142) + TX,     EXD (1143) + TX, famphur (323) + TX, fenamiphos (326) + TX,     fenazaflor (1147) + TX, fenchlorphos (1148) + TX,     fenethacarb (1149) + TX, fenfluthrin (1150) + TX,     fenitrothion (335) + TX, fenobucarb (336) + TX, fenoxacrim (1153) +     TX, fenoxycarb (340) + TX, fenpirithrin (1155) + TX,     fenpropathrin (342) + TX, fenpyrad (alternative name) + TX,     fensulfothion (1158) + TX, fenthion (346) + TX, fenthion-ethyl     [CCN] + TX, fenvalerate (349) + TX, fipronil (354) + TX,     flonicamid (358) + TX, flubendiamide (CAS. Reg. No.: 272451-65-7) +     TX, flucofuron (1168) + TX, flucycloxuron (366) + TX,     flucythrinate (367) + TX, fluenetil (1169) + TX, flufenerim [CCN] +     TX, flufenoxuron (370) + TX, flufenprox (1171) + TX,     flumethrin (372) + TX, fluvalinate (1184) + TX, FMC 1137     (development code) (1185) + TX, fonofos (1191) + TX,     formetanate (405) + TX, formetanate hydrochloride (405) + TX,     formothion (1192) + TX, formparanate (1193) + TX,     fosmethilan (1194) + TX, fospirate (1195) + TX, fosthiazate (408) +     TX, fosthietan (1196) + TX, furathiocarb (412) + TX,     furethrin (1200) + TX, gamma-cyhalothrin (197) + TX,     gamma-HCH (430) + TX, guazatine (422) + TX, guazatine     acetates (422) + TX, GY-81 (development code) (423) + TX,     halfenprox (424) + TX, halofenozide (425) + TX, HCH (430) + TX,     HEOD (1070) + TX, heptachlor (1211) + TX, heptenophos (432) + TX,     heterophos [CCN] + TX, hexaflumuron (439) + TX, HHDN (864) + TX,     hydramethylnon (443) + TX, hydrogen cyanide (444) + TX,     hydroprene (445) + TX, hyquincarb (1223) + TX, imidacloprid (458) +     TX, imiprothrin (460) + TX, indoxacarb (465) + TX, iodomethane     (IUPAC name) (542) + TX, IPSP (1229) + TX, isazofos (1231) + TX,     isobenzan (1232) + TX, isocarbophos (alternative name) (473) + TX,     isodrin (1235) + TX, isofenphos (1236) + TX, isolane (1237) + TX,     isoprocarb (472) + TX, isopropyl     O-(methoxy-aminothiophosphoryl)salicylate (IUPAC name) (473) + TX,     isoprothiolane (474) + TX, isothioate (1244) + TX,     isoxathion (480) + TX, ivermectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     jasmolin I (696) + TX, jasmolin II (696) + TX, jodfenphos (1248) +     TX, juvenile hormone I (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, juvenile     hormone II (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, juvenile hormone III     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, kelevan (1249) + TX,     kinoprene (484) + TX, lambda-cyhalothrin (198) + TX, lead arsenate     [CCN] + TX, lepimectin (CCN) + TX, leptophos (1250) + TX,     lindane (430) + TX, lirimfos (1251) + TX, lufenuron (490) + TX,     lythidathion (1253) + TX, m-cumenyl methylcarbamate (IUPAC     name) (1014) + TX, magnesium phosphide (IUPAC name) (640) + TX,     malathion (492) + TX, malonoben (1254) + TX, mazidox (1255) + TX,     mecarbam (502) + TX, mecarphon (1258) + TX, menazon (1260) + TX,     mephosfolan (1261) + TX, mercurous chloride (513) + TX,     mesulfenfos (1263) + TX, metaflumizone (CCN) + TX, metam (519) + TX,     metam-potassium (alternative name) (519) + TX, metam-sodium (519) +     TX, methacrifos (1266) + TX, methamidophos (527) + TX,     methanesulfonyl fluoride (IUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1268) +     TX, methidathion (529) + TX, methiocarb (530) + TX,     methocrotophos (1273) + TX, methomyl (531) + TX, methoprene (532) +     TX, methoquin-butyl (1276) + TX, methothrin (alternative     name) (533) + TX, methoxychlor (534) + TX, methoxyfenozide (535) +     TX, methyl bromide (537) + TX, methyl isothiocyanate (543) + TX,     methylchloroform (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, methylene chloride     [CCN] + TX, metofluthrin [CCN] + TX, metolcarb (550) + TX,     metoxadiazone (1288) + TX, mevinphos (556) + TX,     mexacarbate (1290) + TX, milbemectin (557) + TX, milbemycin oxime     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, mipafox (1293) + TX, mirex (1294) +     TX, monocrotophos (561) + TX, morphothion (1300) + TX, moxidectin     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, naftalofos (alternative name) [CCN] +     TX, naled (567) + TX, naphthalene (IUPAC/Chemical Abstracts     name) (1303) + TX, NC-170 (development code) (1306) + TX, NC-184     (compound code) + TX, nicotine (578) + TX, nicotine sulfate (578) +     TX, nifluridide (1309) + TX, nitenpyram (579) + TX,     nithiazine (1311) + TX, nitrilacarb (1313) + TX, nitrilacarb 1:1     zinc chloride complex (1313) + TX, NNI-0101 (compound code) + TX,     NNI-0250 (compound code) + TX, nornicotine (traditional     name) (1319) + TX, novaluron (585) + TX, noviflumuron (586) + TX,     O-5-dichloro-4-iodophenyl O-ethyl ethylphosphonothioate (IUPAC     name) (1057) + TX, O,O-diethyl O-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl     phosphorothioate (IUPAC name) (1074) + TX, O,O-diethyl     O-6-methyl-2-propylpyrimidin-4-yl phosphorothioate (IUPAC     name) (1075) + TX, O,O,O′,O′-tetrapropyl dithiopyrophosphate (IUPAC     name) (1424) + TX, oleic acid (IUPAC name) (593) + TX,     omethoate (594) + TX, oxamyl (602) + TX, oxydemeton-methyl (609) +     TX, oxydeprofos (1324) + TX, oxydisulfoton (1325) + TX,     pp′-DDT (219) + TX, para-dichlorobenzene [CCN] + TX,     parathion (615) + TX, parathion-methyl (616) + TX, penfluron     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, pentachlorophenol (623) + TX,     pentachlorophenyl laurate (IUPAC name) (623) + TX,     permethrin (626) + TX, petroleum oils (alternative name) (628) + TX,     PH 60-38 (development code) (1328) + TX, phenkapton (1330) + TX,     phenothrin (630) + TX, phenthoate (631) + TX, phorate (636) + TX,     phosalone (637) + TX, phosfolan (1338) + TX, phosmet (638) + TX,     phosnichlor (1339) + TX, phosphamidon (639) + TX, phosphine (IUPAC     name) (640) + TX, phoxim (642) + TX, phoxim-methyl (1340) + TX,     pirimetaphos (1344) + TX, pirimicarb (651) + TX,     pirimiphos-ethyl (1345) + TX, pirimiphos-methyl (652) + TX,     polychlorodicyclopentadiene isomers (IUPAC name) (1346) + TX,     polychloroterpenes (traditional name) (1347) + TX, potassium     arsenite [CCN] + TX, potassium thiocyanate [CCN] + TX,     prallethrin (655) + TX, precocene I (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     precocene II (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, precocene III     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, primidophos (1349) + TX,     profenofos (662) + TX, profluthrin [CCN] + TX, promacyl (1354) + TX,     promecarb (1355) + TX, propaphos (1356) + TX, propetamphos (673) +     TX, propoxur (678) + TX, prothidathion (1360) + TX,     prothiofos (686) + TX, prothoate (1362) + TX, protrifenbute [CCN] +     TX, pymetrozine (688) + TX, pyraclofos (689) + TX,     pyrazophos (693) + TX, pyresmethrin (1367) + TX, pyrethrin I (696) +     TX, pyrethrin II (696) + TX, pyrethrins (696) + TX,     pyridaben (699) + TX, pyridalyl (700) + TX, pyridaphenthion (701) +     TX, pyrimidifen (706) + TX, pyrimitate (1370) + TX,     pyriproxyfen (708) + TX, quassia (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     quinalphos (711) + TX, quinalphos-methyl (1376) + TX,     quinothion (1380) + TX, quintiofos (1381) + TX, R-1492 (development     code) (1382) + TX, rafoxanide (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     resmethrin (719) + TX, rotenone (722) + TX, RU 15525 (development     code) (723) + TX, RU 25475 (development code) (1386) + TX, ryania     (alternative name) (1387) + TX, ryanodine (traditional     name) (1387) + TX, sabadilla (alternative name) (725) + TX,     schradan (1389) + TX, sebufos (alternative name) + TX, selamectin     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, SI-0009 (compound code) + TX, SI-0205     (compound code) + TX, SI-0404 (compound code) + TX, SI-0405     (compound code) + TX, silafluofen (728) + TX, SN 72129 (development     code) (1397) + TX, sodium arsenite [CCN] + TX, sodium     cyanide (444) + TX, sodium fluoride (IUPAC/Chemical Abstracts     name) (1399) + TX, sodium hexafluorosilicate (1400) + TX, sodium     pentachlorophenoxide (623) + TX, sodium selenate (IUPAC     name) (1401) + TX, sodium thiocyanate [CCN] + TX, sophamide (1402) +     TX, spinosad (737) + TX, spiromesifen (739) + TX, spirotetrmat     (CCN) + TX, sulcofuron (746) + TX, sulcofuron-sodium (746) + TX,     sulfluramid (750) + TX, sulfotep (753) + TX, sulfuryl     fluoride (756) + TX, sulprofos (1408) + TX, tar oils (alternative     name) (758) + TX, tau-fluvalinate (398) + TX, tazimcarb (1412) + TX,     TDE (1414) + TX, tebufenozide (762) + TX, tebufenpyrad (763) + TX,     tebupirimfos (764) + TX, teflubenzuron (768) + TX,     tefluthrin (769) + TX, temephos (770) + TX, TEPP (1417) + TX,     terallethrin (1418) + TX, terbam (alternative name) + TX,     terbufos (773) + TX, tetrachloroethane [CCN] + TX,     tetrachlorvinphos (777) + TX, tetramethrin (787) + TX,     theta-cypermethrin (204) + TX, thiacloprid (791) + TX, thiafenox     (alternative name) + TX, thiamethoxam (792) + TX, thicrofos (1428) +     TX, thiocarboxime (1431) + TX, thiocyclam (798) + TX, thiocyclam     hydrogen oxalate (798) + TX, thiodicarb (799) + TX,     thiofanox (800) + TX, thiometon (801) + TX, thionazin (1434) + TX,     thiosultap (803) + TX, thiosultap-sodium (803) + TX, thuringiensin     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, tolfenpyrad (809) + TX,     tralomethrin (812) + TX, transfluthrin (813) + TX,     transpermethrin (1440) + TX, triamiphos (1441) + TX,     triazamate (818) + TX, triazophos (820) + TX, triazuron (alternative     name) + TX, trichlorfon (824) + TX, trichlormetaphos-3 (alternative     name) [CCN] + TX, trichloronat (1452) + TX, trifenofos (1455) + TX,     triflumuron (835) + TX, trimethacarb (840) + TX, triprene (1459) +     TX, vamidothion (847) + TX, vaniliprole [CCN] + TX, veratridine     (alternative name) (725) + TX, veratrine (alternative name) (725) +     TX, XMC (853) + TX, xylylcarb (854) + TX, Yl-5302 (compound code) +     TX, zeta-cypermethrin (205) + TX, zetamethrin (alternative name) +     TX, zinc phosphide (640) + TX, zolaprofos (1469) and ZXI 8901     (development code) (858) + TX, cyantraniliprole [736994-63-19 + TX,     chlorantraniliprole [500008-45-7] + TX, cyenopyrafen [560121-52-0] +     TX, cyflumetofen [400882-07-7] + TX, pyrifluquinazon [337458-27-2] +     TX, spinetoram [187166-40-1 + 187166-15-0] + TX, spirotetramat     [203313-25-1] + TX, sulfoxaflor [946578-00-3] + TX, flufiprole     [704886-18-0] + TX, meperfluthrin [915288-13-0] + TX,     tetramethylfluthrin [84937-88-2] + TX, triflumezopyrim (disclosed in     WO 2012/092115) + TX, -   a molluscicide selected from the group of substances consisting of     bis(tributyltin) oxide (IUPAC name) (913) + TX, bromoacetamide     [CCN] + TX, calcium arsenate [CCN] + TX, cloethocarb (999) + TX,     copper acetoarsenite [CCN] + TX, copper sulfate (172) + TX,     fentin (347) + TX, ferric phosphate (IUPAC name) (352) + TX,     metaldehyde (518) + TX, methiocarb (530) + TX, niclosamide (576) +     TX, niclosamide-olamine (576) + TX, pentachlorophenol (623) + TX,     sodium pentachlorophenoxide (623) + TX, tazimcarb (1412) + TX,     thiodicarb (799) + TX, tributyltin oxide (913) + TX,     trifenmorph (1454) + TX, trimethacarb (840) + TX, triphenyltin     acetate (IUPAC name) (347) and triphenyltin hydroxide (IUPAC     name) (347) + TX, pyriprole [394730-71-3] + TX, -   a nematicide selected from the group of substances consisting of     AKD-3088 (compound code) + TX, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane     (IUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1045) + TX, 1,2-dichloropropane     (IUPAC/ Chemical Abstracts name) (1062) + TX, 1,2-dichloropropane     with 1,3-dichloropropene (IUPAC name) (1063) + TX,     1,3-dichloropropene (233) + TX, 3,4-dichlorotetrahydrothiophene     1,1-dioxide (IUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1065) + TX,     3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methylrhodanine (IUPAC name) (980) + TX,     5-methyl-6-thioxo-1,3,5-thiadiazinan-3-ylacetic acid (IUPAC     name) (1286) + TX, 6-isopentenylaminopurine (alternative     name) (210) + TX, abamectin (1) + TX, acetoprole [CCN] + TX,     alanycarb (15) + TX, aldicarb (16) + TX, aldoxycarb (863) + TX, AZ     60541 (compound code) + TX, benclothiaz [CCN] + TX, benomyl (62) +     TX, butylpyridaben (alternative name) + TX, cadusafos (109) + TX,     carbofuran (118) + TX, carbon disulfide (945) + TX,     carbosulfan (119) + TX, chloropicrin (141) + TX,     chlorpyrifos (145) + TX, cloethocarb (999) + TX, cytokinins     (alternative name) (210) + TX, dazomet (216) + TX, DBCP (1045) + TX,     DCIP (218) + TX, diamidafos (1044) + TX, dichlofenthion (1051) + TX,     dicliphos (alternative name) + TX, dimethoate (262) + TX, doramectin     (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, emamectin (291) + TX, emamectin     benzoate (291) + TX, eprinomectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     ethoprophos (312) + TX, ethylene dibromide (316) + TX,     fenamiphos (326) + TX, fenpyrad (alternative name) + TX,     fensulfothion (1158) + TX, fosthiazate (408) + TX,     fosthietan (1196) + TX, furfural (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     GY-81 (development code) (423) + TX, heterophos [CCN] + TX,     iodomethane (IUPAC name) (542) + TX, isamidofos (1230) + TX,     isazofos (1231) + TX, ivermectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     kinetin (alternative name) (210) + TX, mecarphon (1258) + TX,     metam (519) + TX, metam-potassium (alternative name) (519) + TX,     metam-sodium (519) + TX, methyl bromide (537) + TX, methyl     isothiocyanate (543) + TX, milbemycin oxime (alternative name)     [CCN] + TX, moxidectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX, Myrothecium     verrucaria composition (alternative name) (565) + TX, NC-184     (compound code) + TX, oxamyl (602) + TX, phorate (636) + TX,     phosphamidon (639) + TX, phosphocarb [CCN] + TX, sebufos     (alternative name) + TX, selamectin (alternative name) [CCN] + TX,     spinosad (737) + TX, terbam (alternative name) + TX,     terbufos (773) + TX, tetrachlorothiophene (IUPAC/ Chemical Abstracts     name) (1422) + TX, thiafenox (alternative name) + TX,     thionazin (1434) + TX, triazophos (820) + TX, triazuron (alternative     name) + TX, xylenols [CCN] + TX, Yl-5302 (compound code) and zeatin     (alternative name) (210) + TX, fluensulfone [318290-98-1] + TX, -   a nitrification inhibitor selected from the group of substances     consisting of potassium ethylxanthate [CCN] and nitrapyrin (580) +     TX, -   a plant activator selected from the group of substances consisting     of acibenzolar (6) + TX, acibenzolar-S-methyl (6) + TX,     probenazole (658) and Reynoutria sachalinensis extract (alternative     name) (720) + TX, -   a rodenticide selected from the group of substances consisting of     2-isovalerylindan-1,3-dione (IUPAC name) (1246) + TX,     4-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide (IUPAC name) (748) + TX,     alpha-chlorohydrin [CCN] + TX, aluminium phosphide (640) + TX,     antu (880) + TX, arsenous oxide (882) + TX, barium carbonate (891) +     TX, bisthiosemi (912) + TX, brodifacoum (89) + TX,     bromadiolone (91) + TX, bromethalin (92) + TX, calcium     cyanide (444) + TX, chloralose (127) + TX, chlorophacinone (140) +     TX, cholecalciferol (alternative name) (850) + TX,     coumachlor (1004) + TX, coumafuryl (1005) + TX,     coumatetralyl (175) + TX, crimidine (1009) + TX, difenacoum (246) +     TX, difethialone (249) + TX, diphacinone (273) + TX,     ergocalciferol (301) + TX, flocoumafen (357) + TX,     fluoroacetamide (379) + TX, flupropadine (1183) + TX, flupropadine     hydrochloride (1183) + TX, gamma-HCH (430) + TX, HCH (430) + TX,     hydrogen cyanide (444) + TX, iodomethane (IUPAC name) (542) + TX,     lindane (430) + TX, magnesium phosphide (IUPAC name) (640) + TX,     methyl bromide (537) + TX, norbormide (1318) + TX,     phosacetim (1336) + TX, phosphine (IUPAC name) (640) + TX,     phosphorus [CCN] + TX, pindone (1341) + TX, potassium arsenite     [CCN] + TX, pyrinuron (1371) + TX, scilliroside (1390) + TX, sodium     arsenite [CCN] + TX, sodium cyanide (444) + TX, sodium     fluoroacetate (735) + TX, strychnine (745) + TX, thallium sulfate     [CCN] + TX, warfarin (851) and zinc phosphide (640) + TX, -   a synergist selected from the group of substances consisting of     2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl piperonylate (IUPAC name) (934) + TX,     5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-hexylcyclohex-2-enone (IUPAC     name) (903) + TX, farnesol with nerolidol (alternative name) (324) +     TX, MB-599 (development code) (498) + TX, MGK 264 (development     code) (296) + TX, piperonyl butoxide (649) + TX, piprotal (1343) +     TX, propyl isomer (1358) + TX, S421 (development code) (724) + TX,     sesamex (1393) + TX, sesasmolin (1394) and sulfoxide (1406) + TX, -   an animal repellent selected from the group of substances consisting     of anthraquinone (32) + TX, chloralose (127) + TX, copper     naphthenate [CCN] + TX, copper oxychloride (171) + TX,     diazinon (227) + TX, dicyclopentadiene (chemical name) (1069) + TX,     guazatine (422) + TX, guazatine acetates (422) + TX,     methiocarb (530) + TX, pyridin-4-amine (IUPAC name) (23) + TX,     thiram (804) + TX, trimethacarb (840) + TX, zinc naphthenate [CCN]     and ziram (856) + TX, -   a virucide selected from the group of substances consisting of     imanin (alternative name) [CCN] and ribavirin (alternative name)     [CCN] + TX, -   a wound protectant selected from the group of substances consisting     of mercuric oxide (512) + TX, octhilinone (590) and     thiophanate-methyl (802) + TX, -   and biologically active compounds selected from the group consisting     of azaconazole (60207-31-0] + TX, bitertanol [70585-36-3] + TX,     bromuconazole [116255-48-2] + TX, cyproconazole [94361-06-5] + TX,     difenoconazole [119446-68-3] + TX, diniconazole [83657-24-3] + TX,     epoxiconazole [106325-08-0] + TX, fenbuconazole [114369-43-6] + TX,     fluquinconazole [136426-54-5] + TX, flusilazole [85509-19-9] + TX,     flutriafol [76674-21-0] + TX, hexaconazole [79983-71-4] + TX,     imazalil [35554-44-0] + TX, imibenconazole [86598-92-7] + TX,     ipconazole [125225-28-7] + TX, metconazole [125116-23-6] + TX,     myclobutanil [88671-89-0] + TX, pefurazoate [101903-30-4] + TX,     penconazole [66246-88-6] + TX, prothioconazole [178928-70-6] + TX,     pyrifenox [88283-41-4] + TX, prochloraz [67747-09-5] + TX,     propiconazole [60207-90-1] + TX, simeconazole [149508-90-7] + TX,     tebucon-azole [107534-96-3] + TX, tetraconazole [112281-77-3] + TX,     triadimefon [43121-43-3] + TX, triadimenol [55219-65-3] + TX,     triflumizole [99387-89-0] + TX, triticonazole [131983-72-7] + TX,     ancymidol [12771-68-5] + TX, fenarimol [60168-88-9] + TX, nuarimol     [63284-71-9] + TX, bupirimate [41483-43-6] + TX, dimethirimol     [5221-53-4] + TX, ethirimol [23947-60-6] + TX, dodemorph     [1593-77-7] + TX, fenpropidine [67306-00-7] + TX, fenpropimorph     [67564-91-4] + TX, spiroxamine [118134-30-8] + TX, tridemorph     [81412-43-3] + TX, cyprodinil [121552-61-2] + TX, mepanipyrim     [110235-47-7] + TX, pyrimethanil [53112-28-0] + TX, fenpiclonil     [74738-17-3] + TX, fludioxonil [131341-86-1] + TX, benalaxyl     [71626-11-4] + TX, furalaxyl [57646-30-7] + TX, metalaxyl     [57837-19-1] + TX, R-metalaxyl [70630-17-0] + TX, ofurace     [58810-48-3] + TX, oxadixyl [77732-09-3] + TX, benomyl     [17804-35-2] + TX, carbendazim [10605-21-7] + TX, debacarb     [62732-91-6] + TX, fuberidazole [3878-19-1] + TX, thiabendazole     [148-79-8] + TX, chlozolinate [84332-86-5] + TX, dichlozoline     [24201-58-9] + TX, iprodione [36734-19-7] + TX, myclozoline     [54864-61-8] + TX, procymidone [32809-16-8] + TX, vinclozoline     [50471-44-8] + TX, boscalid [188425-85-6] + TX, carboxin     [5234-68-4] + TX, fenfuram [24691-80-3] + TX, flutolanil     [66332-96-5] + TX, mepronil [55814-41-0] + TX, oxycarboxin     [5259-88-1] + TX, penthiopyrad [183675-82-3] + TX, thifluzamide     [130000-40-7] + TX, guazatine [108173-90-6] + TX, dodine [2439-10-3]     [112-65-2] (free base) + TX, iminoctadine [13516-27-3] + TX,     azoxystrobin [131860-33-8] + TX, dimoxystrobin [149961-52-4] + TX,     enestroburin {Proc. BCPC, Int. Congr., Glasgow, 2003, 1, 93} + TX,     fluoxastrobin [361377-29-9] + TX, kresoxim-methyl [143390-89-0] +     TX, metominostrobin [133408-50-1] + TX, trifloxystrobin     [141517-21-7] + TX, orysastrobin [248593-16-0] + TX, picoxystrobin     [117428-22-5] + TX, pyraclostrobin [175013-18-0] + TX, ferbam     [14484-64-1] + TX, mancozeb [8018-01-7] + TX, maneb [12427-38-2] +     TX, metiram [9006-42-2] + TX, propineb [12071-83-9] + TX, thiram     [137-26-8] + TX, zineb [12122-67-7] + TX, ziram [137-30-4] + TX,     captafol [2425-06-1] + TX, captan [133-06-2] + TX, dichlofluanid     [1085-98-9] + TX, fluoroimide [41205-21-4] + TX, folpet [133-07-3] +     TX, tolylfluanid [731-27-1] + TX, bordeaux mixture [8011-63-0] + TX,     copperhydroxid [20427-59-2] + TX, copperoxychlorid [1332-40-7] + TX,     coppersulfat [7758-98-7] + TX, copperoxid [1317-39-1] + TX,     mancopper [53988-93-5] + TX, oxine-copper [10380-28-6] + TX, dinocap     [131-72-6] + TX, nitrothal-isopropyl [10552-74-6] + TX, edifenphos     [17109-49-8] + TX, iprobenphos [26087-47-8] + TX, isoprothiolane     [50512-35-1] + TX, phosdiphen [36519-00-3] + TX, pyrazophos     [13457-18-6] + TX, tolclofos-methyl [57018-04-9] + TX,     acibenzolar-S-methyl [135158-54-2] + TX, anilazine [101-05-3] + TX,     benthiavalicarb [413615-35-7] + TX, blasticidin-S [2079-00-7] + TX,     chinomethionat [2439-01-2] + TX, chloroneb [2675-77-6] + TX,     chlorothalonil [1897-45-6] + TX, cyflufenamid [180409-60-3] + TX,     cymoxanil [57966-95-7] + TX, dichlone [117-80-6] + TX, diclocymet     [139920-32-4] + TX, diclomezine [62865-36-5]+ TX, dicloran     [99-30-9]+ TX, diethofencarb [87130-20-9]+ TX, dimetho-morph     [110488-70-5]+ TX, SYP-LI90 (Flumorph) [211867-47-9]+ TX, dithianon     [3347-22-6] + TX, ethaboxam [162650-77-3] + TX, etridiazole     [2593-15-9] + TX, famoxadone [131807-57-3] + TX, fenamidone     [161326-34-7] + TX, fenoxanil [115852-48-7] + TX, fentin     [668-34-8] + TX, ferimzone [89269-64-7]+ TX, fluazinam [79622-59-6]+     TX, fluopicolide [239110-15-7] + TX, flusulfamide [106917-52-6] +     TX, fenhexamid [126833-17-8] + TX, fosetyl-aluminium [39148-24-8] +     TX, hymexazol [10004-44-1] + TX, iprovalicarb [140923-17-7] + TX,     IKF-916 (Cyazofamid) [120116-88-3] + TX, kasugamycin [6980-18-3] +     TX, methasulfocarb [66952-49-6] + TX, metrafenone [220899-03-6] +     TX, pencycuron [66063-05-6] + TX, phthalide [27355-22-2] + TX,     polyoxins [11113-80-7] + TX, probenazole [27605-76-1] + TX,     propamocarb [25606-41-1] + TX, proquinazid [189278-12-4] + TX,     pyroquilon [57369-32-1] + TX, quinoxyfen [124495-18-7] + TX,     quintozene [82-68-8] + TX, sulfur [7704-34-9] + TX, tiadinil     [223580-51-6] + TX, triazoxide [72459-58-6] + TX, tricyclazole     [41814-78-2] + TX, triforine [26644-46-2] + TX, validamycin     [37248-47-8] + TX, zoxamide (RH7281) [156052-68-5] + TX,     mandipropamid [374726-62-2] + TX, isopyrazam [881685-58-1] + TX,     sedaxane [874967-67-6] + TX,     3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid     (9-dichloromethylene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methano-naphthalen-5-yl)-amide     (dislosed in WO 2007/048556) + TX,     3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid     (3′,4′,5′-trifluoro-biphenyl-2-yl)-amide (disclosed in WO     2006/087343) + TX,     [(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)oxy]-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-decahydro-6,12-dihydroxy-4,6a,12b-trimethyl-11-oxo-9-(3-pyridinyl)-2H,11Hnaphtho[2,1-b]pyrano[3,4-e]pyran-4-yl]methyl-cyclopropanecarboxylate     [915972-17-7] + TX and     1,3,5-trimethyl-N-(2-methyl-1-oxopropyl)-N-[3-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methoxy-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide     [926914-55-8] + TX.

The references in brackets behind the active ingredients, e.g. [3878-19-1] refer to the Chemical Abstracts Registry number. The above described mixing partners are known. Where the active ingredients are included in “The Pesticide Manual” [The Pesticide Manual - A World Compendium; Thirteenth Edition; Editor: C. D. S. TomLin; The British Crop Protection Council], they are described therein under the entry number given in round brackets hereinabove for the particular compound; for example, the compound “abamectin” is described under entry number (1). Where “[CCN]” is added hereinabove to the particular compound, the compound in question is included in the “Compendium of Pesticide Common Names”, which is accessible on the internet [A. Wood; Compendium of Pesticide Common Names, Copyright © 1995-2004]; for example, the compound “acetoprole” is described under the internet address http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides/acetoprole.html.

Most of the active ingredients described above are referred to hereinabove by a so-called “common name”, the relevant “ISO common name” or another “common name” being used in individual cases. If the designation is not a “common name”, the nature of the designation used instead is given in round brackets for the particular compound; in that case, the IUPAC name, the IUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name, a “chemical name”, a “traditional name”, a “compound name” or a “develoment code” is used or, if neither one of those designations nor a “common name” is used, an “alternative name” is employed. “CAS Reg. No” means the Chemical Abstracts Registry Number.

The active ingredient mixture of the compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 with active ingredients described above comprises a compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 and an active ingredient as described above preferably in a mixing ratio of from 100:1 to 1:6000, especially from 50:1 to 1:50, more especially in a ratio of from 20:1 to 1:20, even more especially from 10:1 to 1:10, very especially from 5:1 and 1:5, special preference being given to a ratio of from 2:1 to 1:2, and a ratio of from 4:1 to 2:1 being likewise preferred, above all in a ratio of 1:1, or 5:1, or 5:2, or 5:3, or 5:4, or 4:1, or 4:2, or 4:3, or 3:1, or 3:2, or 2:1, or 1:5, or 2:5, or 3:5, or 4:5, or 1:4, or 2:4, or 3:4, or 1:3, or 2:3, or 1:2, or 1:600, or 1:300, or 1:150, or 1:35, or 2:35, or 4:35, or 1:75, or 2:75, or 4:75, or 1 :6000, or 1:3000, or 1 :1500, or 1 :350, or 2:350, or 4:350, or 1 :750, or 2:750, or 4:750. Those mixing ratios are by weight.

The mixtures as described above can be used in a method for controlling pests, which comprises applying a composition comprising a mixture as described above to the pests or their environment, with the exception of a method for treatment of the human or animal body by surgery or therapy and diagnostic methods practised on the human or animal body.

The mixtures comprising a compound of according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 and one or more active ingredients as described above can be applied, for example, in a single “ready-mix” form, in a combined spray mixture composed from separate formulations of the single active ingredient components, such as a “tank-mix”, and in a combined use of the single active ingredients when applied in a sequential manner, i.e. one after the other with a reasonably short period, such as a few hours or days. The order of applying the compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 and the active ingredients as described above is not essential for working the present invention.

The compositions according to the invention can also comprise further solid or liquid auxiliaries, such as stabilizers, for example unepoxidized or epoxidized vegetable oils (for example epoxidized coconut oil, rapeseed oil or soya oil), antifoams, for example silicone oil, preservatives, viscosity regulators, binders and/or tackifiers, fertilizers or other active ingredients for achieving specific effects, for example bactericides, fungicides, nematocides, plant activators, molluscicides or herbicides.

The compositions according to the invention are prepared in a manner known per se, in the absence of auxiliaries for example by grinding, screening and/or compressing a solid active ingredient and in the presence of at least one auxiliary for example by intimately mixing and/or grinding the active ingredient with the auxiliary (auxiliaries). These processes for the preparation of the compositions and the use of the compounds I for the preparation of these compositions are also a subject of the invention.

The application methods for the compositions, that is the methods of controlling pests of the abovementioned type, such as spraying, atomizing, dusting, brushing on, dressing, scattering or pouring — which are to be selected to suit the intended aims of the prevailing circumstances — and the use of the compositions for controlling pests of the abovementioned type are other subjects of the invention. Typical rates of concentration are between 0.1 and 1000 ppm, preferably between 0.1 and 500 ppm, of active ingredient. The rate of application per hectare is generally 1 to 2000 g of active ingredient per hectare, in particular 10 to 1000 g/ha, preferably 10 to 600 g/ha.

A preferred method of application in the field of crop protection is application to the foliage of the plants (foliar application), it being possible to select frequency and rate of application to match the danger of infestation with the pest in question. Alternatively, the active ingredient can reach the plants via the root system (systemic action), by drenching the locus of the plants with a liquid composition or by incorporating the active ingredient in solid form into the locus of the plants, for example into the soil, for example in the form of granules (soil application). In the case of paddy rice crops, such granules can be metered into the flooded paddy-field.

The compounds of the invention and compositions thereof are also be suitable for the protection of plant propagation material, for example seeds, such as fruit, tubers or kernels, or nursery plants, against pests of the abovementioned type. The propagation material can be treated with the compound prior to planting, for example seed can be treated prior to sowing. Alternatively, the compound can be applied to seed kernels (coating), either by soaking the kernels in a liquid composition or by applying a layer of a solid composition. It is also possible to apply the compositions when the propagation material is planted to the site of application, for example into the seed furrow during drilling. These treatment methods for plant propagation material and the plant propagation material thus treated are further subjects of the invention. Typical treatment rates would depend on the plant and pest/fungi to be controlled and are generally between 1 to 200 grams per 100 kg of seeds, preferably between 5 to 150 grams per 100 kg of seeds, such as between 10 to 100 grams per 100 kg of seeds.

The term seed embraces seeds and plant propagules of all kinds including but not limited to true seeds, seed pieces, suckers, corns, bulbs, fruit, tubers, grains, rhizomes, cuttings, cut shoots and the like and means in a preferred embodiment true seeds.

The present invention also comprises seeds coated or treated with or containing a compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12. The term “coated or treated with and/or containing” generally signifies that the active ingredient is for the most part on the surface of the seed at the time of application, although a greater or lesser part of the ingredient may penetrate into the seed material, depending on the method of application. When the said seed product is (re)planted, it may absorb the active ingredient. In an embodiment, the present invention makes available a plant propagation material adhered thereto with according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12. Further, it is hereby made available, a composition comprising a plant propagation material treated with a compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12.

Seed treatment comprises all suitable seed treatment techniques known in the art, such as seed dressing, seed coating, seed dusting, seed soaking and seed pelleting. The seed treatment application of the compound according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 can be carried out by any known methods, such as spraying or by dusting the seeds before sowing or during the sowing/planting of the seeds.

The pesticidal/insecticidal properties of the compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 can be illustrated via the following tests:

Diabrotica Balteata (Corn Root Worm)

Maize sprouts placed onto an agar layer in 24-well microtiter plates were treated with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10 ′000 ppm DMSO stock solutions by spraying. After drying, the plates were infested with L2 larvae (6 to 10 per well). The samples were assessed for mortality 4 days after infestation. The following compounds resulted in at least 80% mortality at an application rate of 200 ppm: 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15.

Euschistus Heros (Neotropical BROWN Stink Bug) Feeding/Contact Activity

Soybean leaves on agar in 24-well microtiter plates were sprayed with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10 ′000 ppm DMSO stock solutions. After drying the leaves were infested with N2 nymphs. The samples were assessed for mortality 5 days after infestation. The following compounds resulted in at least 80% mortality at an application rate of 200 ppm: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 12.

Myzus Persicae (Green Peach Aphid) Feeding/Contact Activity

Sunflower leaf discs were placed onto agar in a 24-well microtiter plate and sprayed with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10 ′000 ppm DMSO stock solutions. After drying, the leaf discs were infested with an aphid population of mixed ages. The samples were assessed for mortality 6 days after infestation. The following compounds resulted in at least 80% mortality at an application rate of 200 ppm: 1, 2, 4, 5 and 8.

Plutella Xylostella (Diamond Back Moth) Feeding/Contact Activity

24-well microtiter plates with artificial diet were treated with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10 ′000 ppm DMSO stock solutions by pipetting. After drying, the plates were infested with L2 larvae (10 to 15 per well). The samples were assessed for mortality 5 days after infestation. The following compounds resulted in at least 80% mortality at an application rate of 200 ppm: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15.

Spodoptera Littoralis (Egyptian Cotton Leaf Worm) Feeding/Contact Activity

Cotton leaf discs were placed onto agar in 24-well microtiter plates and sprayed with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10 ′000 ppm DMSO stock solutions. After drying the leaf discs were infested with five L1 larvae. The samples were assessed for mortality 3 days after infestation. The following compounds resulted in at least 80% mortality at an application rate of 200 ppm: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16.

Tetranychus Urticae (Two-Spotted Spider Mite) Feeding/Contact Activity

Bean leaf discs on agar in 24-well microtiter plates were sprayed with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10 ′000 ppm DMSO stock solutions. After drying the leaf discs were infested with a mite population of mixed ages. The samples were assessed for mortality on mixed population (mobile stages) 8 days after infestation. The following compounds resulted in at least 80% mortality at an application rate of 200 ppm: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12.

Thrips Tabaci (Onion Thrips) Feeding/Contact Activity

Sunflower leaf discs were placed on agar in 24-well microtiter plates and sprayed with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10 ′000 ppm DMSO stock solutions. After drying the leaf discs were infested with a thrips population of mixed ages. The samples were assessed for mortality 6 days after infestation. The following compounds resulted in at least 80% mortality at an application rate of 200 ppm: 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16.

The compounds of the invention can be distinguished from known compounds by virtue of greater efficacy at low application rates, which can be verified by the person skilled in the art using the experimental procedures outlined in the Examples, using lower application rates if necessary, for example 50 ppm, 12.5 ppm, 6 ppm, 3 ppm, 1.5 ppm, 0.8 ppm or 0.2 ppm.

Furthermore, besides of the insecticidal properties, the compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 have surprisingly shown to have improved degradation properties compared with prior art compounds. Additionally, the compounds according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12 have surprisingly shown to be less toxic to the environment, e.g. to bees or aquatic organisms, compared with prior art compounds. 

1. A compound of formula (I),

wherein Y¹ and Y³ are independently selected from H, halogen, cyano, C₁₋C₆-alkyl, C₁₋C₆-haloalkyl, C₁₋C₆-alkoxy, C₁₋C₆-haloalkoxy, C₁₋C₆-alkoxy- C₁₋C₆-alkyl, C₁₋C₆-alkylsulfanyl, C₁₋C₆-haloalkylsulfanyl, C₁₋C₆-alkylsulfinyl, C₁₋C₆-haloalkylsulfinyl, C₁₋C₆-alkylsulfonyl and C₁₋C₆-haloalkylsulfonyl; Y⁵ is selected from -i-CF(CF₃)(CF₃) and -1-CF₃-cyclopropyl; A is CH or N; R¹ is selected from H, C₁₋C₆-alkyl, C₂₋C₆ alkenyl, C₂₋C₆ alkynyl, C₃₋C₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋C₇ cycloalkyl- C₁₋C₃-alkyl, —C(═O)H, C₁₋C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₃₋C₇-cycloalkylcarbonyl, C₁₋C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, aryl(C₀₋C₃)-alkyl and heteroaryl(C₀₋C₃)-alkyl, wherein each of C₁₋C₆-alkyl, C₃₋C₆ alkenyl, C₃₋C₆ alkynyl, C₃₋C₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋C₇ cycloalkyl- C₁₋C₃-alkyl, C₁₋C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋C₆-alkoxycarbonyl, aryl(C₀₋C₃)-alkyl and heteroaryl(C₀₋C₃)-alkyl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1 to 5 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C₁₋C₆-alkoxy and C₁₋C₆-alkoxycarbonyl; R² is selected from halogen, cyano, C₁₋C₆-alkyl and C₁₋C₆-haloalkyl; Q is H or cyano; or an agrochemically acceptable salt or N-oxide thereof.
 2. The compound according to claim 1 wherein R² is selected from halogen and cyano.
 3. The compound according to claim 1 wherein R² is selected from chloro and cyano.
 4. The compound according to claim 1 wherein R² is cyano.
 5. The compound according to claim 1 wherein Q is cyano.
 6. The compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ is selected from H, methyl, ethyl, —CH₂CH═CH₂, isobutyl, isopropyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, cyclopropylmethyl, —C(═O)CH₃, —C(═O)CH₂CH₃, —C(═O)cyclopropyl, —C(═O)OCH₃, —C(═O)OCH₂CH₃, —C(═O)CH(CH₃)(CH₃), —CH₂C≡CH, —CH₂CN, —CH₂—O—CH₃, —CH₂—O—CH₂—CH₃ and —CH₂—cyclopropyl.
 7. The compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ is selected from from H, isobutyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, cyclopropylmethyl, —C(═O)CH₃, —C(═O)OCH₃, —C(═O)OCH₂CH₃, —C(═O)CH(CH₃)(CH₃), —CH₂—C—CH, —CH₂CN and —CH₂—O—CH₃.
 8. The compound according to claim 1 wherein Y¹ and Y³ are independently selected from chloro, bromo, —CF₃, —CHF₂, —OCF₃, —OCHF₂, methyl, ethyl, —SCH₃, —SOCH₃, —S(O)₂CH₃ and CN.
 9. The compound according to claim 1 wherein Y¹ and Y³ are independently selected from chloro, bromo, —CF₃, —OCHF₂ and methyl.
 10. The compound according to claim 1 selected from 2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide; 2-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide; 2-cyano-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide; 2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide; 2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dimethyl-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide; 2-chloro-5-[1-[2-chloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)thiophene-3-carboxamide; 5-[1-[2-bromo-6-chloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]-2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)thiophene-3-carboxamide; 5-[1-[2-chloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]-2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide; 5-[1-[2-bromo-6-chloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]-2-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide; 2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dimethyl-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]pyrazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide; 2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]-N-ethyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide; 2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]-N-methyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide; 2-cyano-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide; 2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]-N-ethyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide; 2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]-N-methyl-thiophene-3-carboxamide; 2-chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide; and 2-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-5-[1-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]triazol-4-yl]thiophene-3-carboxamide.
 11. A pesticidal composition, which comprises at least one compound according to claim 1, or an agrochemically acceptable salt or N-oxide thereof, as active ingredient and at least one auxiliary.
 12. The composition according to claim 11, which further comprises one or more other insecticidally, acaricidally, nematicidally and/or fungicidally active agents.
 13. A method for controlling pests, which comprises applying a composition according to claim 11 to the pests or their environment with the exception of a method for treatment of the human or animal body by surgery or therapy and diagnostic methods practised on the human or animal body.
 14. A method for the protection of plant propagation material from the attack by pests, which comprises treating the propagation material or the site, where the propagation material is planted, with a composition according to claim
 11. 15. A coated plant propagation material, wherein the coating of the plant propagation material comprises a compound as defined in claim
 1. 